Shloka 28

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

वत्सरानन्तरं वीन्द्र निः सारं परिकीर्तितम् / पर्पटः पक्षमात्रेण निः सारः परिकीर्तितः

Transliteration

vatsarānantaraṃ vīndra niḥ sāraṃ parikīrtitam / parpaṭaḥ pakṣamātreṇa niḥ sāraḥ parikīrtitaḥ

Translation

Hỡi Vīndra (Garuda), sau một năm thì được tuyên là “không còn tinh túy” (mất năng lực nuôi dưỡng). Cũng vậy, bánh mỏng parpaṭa được nói là “không còn tinh túy” chỉ sau một nửa tháng.

Word by Word

• वत्सरानन्तरम्: after a year
• वत्सरानन्तरम्: अधिकरण (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वत्सर + अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक; तत्पुरुष (वत्सरस्य अनन्तरम्)

• वीन्द्र: O king
• वीन्द्र: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• निः: without
• निः: विशेषण-निर्माण (Qualifier formation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: अव्यय, उपसर्ग/पूर्वसर्ग (prefix used adverbially)

• सारम्: essence (here: without essence)
• सारम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (with निः → ‘essenceless’)

• परिकीर्तितम्: is proclaimed
• परिकीर्तितम्: क्रिया (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पर्पटः: parpaṭa (a herb/plant)
• पर्पटः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्पट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पक्षमात्रेण: by/within only a fortnight
• पक्षमात्रेण: करण/हेतु (Instrument/measure; time-span)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (पक्षस्य मात्रम्)

• निः: without
• निः: विशेषण-निर्माण (Qualifier formation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: अव्यय, उपसर्ग/पूर्वसर्ग

• सारः: essenced (here: without essence)
• सारः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate with निः)

• परिकीर्तितः: is proclaimed
• परिकीर्तितः: क्रिया (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Parpaṭa becomes nihsāra after a fortnight; general note that after a year items are nihsāra

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Even durable items become nihsāra over long time; some offerings (parpaṭa) lose potency rapidly—ritual efficacy depends on kāla and dravya.

Vedantic Theme: Kāla as universal eroder; the unreliability of material supports without right order (niyama).

Application: Do not store ritual edibles for long; prepare parpaṭa close to the rite; respect item-specific shelf-life in sacred contexts.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.14.25–29 (time-based sāra rules; parpaṭa and tulasī as contrast).

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of niḥsāra (loss of efficacy) in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse stresses that ritual offerings and supports for the departed have a time-sensitive potency; delay can render them spiritually ineffective (niḥsāra).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Preta state?

It implies the preta’s condition is sustained/assisted through timely rites; if rites are postponed beyond their effective period, they no longer provide the intended support in the intermediate journey.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Perform śrāddha/pinda-related duties promptly and with care rather than postponing them, treating timing as part of dharma, not a mere formality.