Shloka 28

Upanayana Timing, Brahmacarya Rules, Ācamana & Sandhyā Observance

Devanagari script

सन्तर्पयेत्पितॄन्देवान्सो ऽन्वहं हि घृतामृतैः / वाकोवाक्यं पुराणं च नाराशंसीश्च गाथिकाः

Transliteration

santarpayetpitṝndevānso 'nvahaṃ hi ghṛtāmṛtaiḥ / vākovākyaṃ purāṇaṃ ca nārāśaṃsīśca gāthikāḥ

Translation

Người ấy nên mỗi ngày làm lễ thỏa mãn các Tổ tiên và chư Thiên bằng bơ tinh khiết và những lễ phẩm như cam lộ. Lại nên tụng đọc các cuộc đối thoại thánh (vākovākya), các đoạn Purāṇa, các thánh ca tán dương (narāśaṃsī) và các bài kệ sùng kính (gāthā).

Word by Word

• सन्तर्पयेत्: should satisfy/propitiate
• सन्तर्पयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + तृप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense ‘तर्पय-’

• पितṝन्: the ancestors
• पितṝन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), बहुवचन; कर्म

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), बहुवचन; कर्म

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• अन्वहम्: daily
• अन्वहम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्वहम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (daily)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; निश्चयार्थ

• घृतामृतैः: with ghee-like nectar (ghee and nectar)
• घृतामृतैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत + अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (घृतं अमृतवत्/घृतामृतम्); करण

• वाकोवाक्यम्: Vākovākya (a dialogue text)
• वाकोवाक्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक् + उवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (वाक् + उवाक्य) नाम ग्रन्थ/विधा; कर्म (to be recited)

• पुराणम्: Purāṇa
• पुराणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुराण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; कर्म

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Linker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात

• नाराशंसीः: Nārāśaṃsī verses
• नाराशंसीः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाराशंसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), बहुवचन; कर्म (a class of laudatory verses)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Linker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात

• गाथिकाः: Gāthikā songs/ballads
• गाथिकाः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाथिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), बहुवचन; कर्म (songs/ballads)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Daily (nitya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nitya-santarpana of Pitṛs and Devas with ghṛta/amṛta-like offerings; recitation of vāko-vākya (sacred dialogues), Purāṇa, narāśaṃsī (eulogies), and gāthā (devotional verses).

Vedantic Theme: Śabda-sādhana: sanctifying the mind through sacred recitation; smṛti-purāṇa as supportive illumination of śruti.

Application: Sustain a daily rhythm of offering and elevating speech: read/recite edifying texts, engage in dharmic dialogue, and cultivate praise/thanksgiving.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: frequent reliance on Purāṇic narration and dharma dialogues; here it is prescribed as recitation content (thematic)

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs
• Devas

FAQs

What is the importance of daily Pitṛ-tarpaṇa in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse frames daily propitiation of the ancestors (Pitṛs) and gods (Devas) as a sustaining dharmic duty, performed through nourishing oblations (ghee/“nectar-like” offerings) and sacred recitation.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s post-death welfare described in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

By emphasizing Pitṛ-satisfaction and śāstra-recitation, the verse supports the Garuḍa Purāṇa’s broader teaching that proper rites and remembrance aid familial continuity of merit and the well-being of departed ancestors in their respective states.

What is a practical application of this teaching today?

Maintain a simple daily practice—offer water (and, if appropriate, ghee-based lamp/food in a sattvic way) with remembrance of ancestors and include brief Purāṇic/itihāsa reading or chanting to cultivate gratitude, discipline, and dharmic living.