Shloka 25

Upanayana Timing, Brahmacarya Rules, Ācamana & Sandhyā Observance

Devanagari script

ब्राह्मणक्षत्त्रिय विशस्तस्मादेते द्विजातयः / यज्ञानां तपसां चैव शुभानां चैव कर्मणाम्

Transliteration

brāhmaṇakṣattriya viśastasmādete dvijātayaḥ / yajñānāṃ tapasāṃ caiva śubhānāṃ caiva karmaṇām

Translation

Vì vậy, các Bà-la-môn, Sát-đế-lỵ và Phệ-xá được gọi là “nhị sinh” (sinh hai lần), vì có quyền thọ nhận các nghi lễ thánh—tế tự (yajña), khổ hạnh (tapas) và những bổn phận cát tường khác.

Word by Word

• ब्राह्मण: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मण: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; समुच्चित-निर्देश (enumeration)

• क्षत्त्रिय: Kshatriyas
• क्षत्त्रिय: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्त्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; समुच्चित-निर्देश

• विशः: Vaishyas (the people)
• विशः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; ‘वैश्याः’ इत्यर्थे

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ-निपात (therefore/from that)

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; निर्देश (these)

• द्विजातयः: the twice-born classes
• द्विजातयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वि + जाति (प्रातिपदिक); द्विजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास (द्वे जात्यौ यस्य/येषाम्)

• यज्ञानाम्: of sacrifices
• यज्ञानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of sacrifices)

• तपसाम्: of austerities
• तपसाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Linker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphasis)

• शुभानाम्: of auspicious
• शुभानाम्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन; विशेषणं ‘कर्मणाम्’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Linker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात

• कर्मणाम्: of deeds/ritual acts
• कर्मणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of acts/deeds)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Dvijatva (twice-born status) as adhikara (eligibility) for yajña, tapas, and śubha-karman.

Vedantic Theme: Adhikāra-bheda: fitness/qualification as a prerequisite for Vedic discipline leading toward puruṣārthas.

Application: Clarify one’s prescribed duties and pursue sanctioned rites/austerities with discipline and purity, respecting role-based responsibilities.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta-kalpa/Dharma sections): discussions on varṇa-āśrama duties and śrāddha eligibility (general thematic parallel)

Characters & Entities

• Brahmanas
• Kshatriyas
• Vaishyas
• Dvijas
• Yajna
• Tapas

FAQs

What is the importance of being a ‘dvija’ in the Garuda Purana?

This verse defines dvija status as ritual eligibility—those who can undertake Vedic-sacred disciplines like yajña (sacrifice), tapas (austerity), and other auspicious duties.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey or afterlife teachings in the Garuda Purana?

By stressing qualified performance of sacred actions, the verse frames how dharmic conduct and sanctioned rites become meritorious karma—supporting better post-death outcomes described elsewhere in the text.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat spiritual practice as disciplined duty: perform ethical, “auspicious” actions consistently, and approach rituals (where followed) with proper guidance, sincerity, and self-restraint.