Shloka 34

मुक्ता-उत्पत्ति-भेदाः, मूल्य-मान-निर्णयः, शोधन-परीक्षा-लक्षणानि

Pearl Sources, Valuation, Refinement, and Identification

Devanagari script

षष्टिर्निकरशीर्षं स्यात्तस्या मूल्यं चतुर्दश / अशीतिर्नवतिश्चैव कूप्येति परिकीर्तिता / एकादश स्यान्नव च तयोर्मूल्यमनुक्रमात्

Transliteration

ṣaṣṭirnikaraśīrṣaṃ syāttasyā mūlyaṃ caturdaśa / aśītirnavatiścaiva kūpyeti parikīrtitā / ekādaśa syānnava ca tayormūlyamanukramāt

Translation

Sáu mươi (đơn vị) được nói là thành “nikara-śīrṣa”, và giá trị của nó là mười bốn. Tám mươi và chín mươi cũng được tuyên xưng là các mức “kūpya”. Giá trị của hai mức ấy lần lượt là mười một và chín.

Word by Word

• ṣaṣṭiḥ: sixty
• ṣaṣṭiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• nikara-śīrṣam: nikaraśīrṣa (name of a measure)
• nikara-śīrṣam: Karma/Pratipādya (Predicate-name)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nikara (प्रातिपदिक) + śīrṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• syāt: would be
• syāt: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• tasyāḥ: of it
• tasyāḥ: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• mūlyam: price
• mūlyam: Karma/Pratipādya (Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• caturdaśa: fourteen
• caturdaśa: Karta (Predicate-number/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caturdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (चतुर्+दश), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• aśītiḥ: eighty
• aśītiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśīti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• navatiḥ: ninety
• navatiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: navati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphatic)

• kūpyā: (called) kūpyā
• kūpyā: Karta (Predicate-name/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kūpyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; (मापननाम)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (Quotation-marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, इति-कार (quotative)

• parikīrtitā: is described/mentioned
• parikīrtitā: Kriya (Predicate-participle/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari+kīrt (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि भाव

• ekādaśa: eleven
• ekādaśa: Karta (Predicate-number/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (एक+दश), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• syāt: would be
• syāt: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• nava: nine
• nava: Karta (Predicate-number/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (संख्यावाचक), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• tayoḥ: of those two
• tayoḥ: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विवचन-रूप (dual), षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), द्विवचन

• mūlyam: price
• mūlyam: Karma/Pratipādya (Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• anukramāt: in order, respectively
• anukramāt: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anukrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान-अर्थे), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘क्रमेण’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Naming conventions (nikara-śīrṣa, kūpya) and fixed valuations create social trust and reduce adharma in exchange.

Vedantic Theme: Śabda (name) as a conventional marker in vyavahāra; order (krama) as a dharmic principle.

Application: Maintain standardized terminology and published price tables; train officials/merchants to follow sequence accurately.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.69.30; Garuda Purana 1.69.31; Garuda Purana 1.69.32; Garuda Purana 1.69.33

FAQs

What is the importance of standardized measures like nikara-śīrṣa and kūpya in the Garuda Purana?

This verse defines specific numerical groupings and their stated values, indicating that offerings and ritual-related donations were expected to follow recognized standards rather than arbitrary amounts.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it supports the broader Preta Kanda framework where properly measured and correctly executed rites (including dāna) are presented as aids to the deceased’s post-death journey.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing śrāddha or related charitable acts, follow clear, consistent standards—give thoughtfully, transparently, and in accordance with your tradition’s established guidance.