Shloka 44

Purusha-Strī-Lakṣaṇa (Samudrika-śāstra): Marks of Kingship, Wealth, Longevity, and Conduct

Devanagari script

परदाररताः पीतैरूक्षैर्निः स्वा नरा मताः / तुषतुल्यनखाः क्लीबाः कुटिलैः स्फुटितैर्नराः

Transliteration

paradāraratāḥ pītairūkṣairniḥ svā narā matāḥ / tuṣatulyanakhāḥ klībāḥ kuṭilaiḥ sphuṭitairnarāḥ

Translation

Những kẻ nam nhân ham mê vợ người khác được nói rằng sẽ trở nên tái nhợt, thô ráp, và mất phúc lộc. Móng tay họ hóa như vỏ trấu; họ trở nên bất lực, thân thể mang dấu cong vẹo và nứt nẻ bởi các khổ não.

Word by Word

• परदाररताः: addicted to others' wives
• परदाररताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर-दार-रत (प्रातिपदिक; पर=अन्य, दार=पत्नी, रत=आसक्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (adjectival)

• पीतैः: with yellow (nails)
• पीतैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीत (कृदन्त; √पा (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• रूक्षैः: with rough (nails)
• रूक्षैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• निःस्वाः: destitute, poor
• निःस्वाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निःस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• नराः: men
• नराः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मत (कृदन्त; √मन् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle) = 'are considered'

• तुषतुल्यनखाः: having nails like chaff
• तुषतुल्यनखाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष-तुल्य-नख (प्रातिपदिक; तुष=भूसी, तुल्य=समान, नख=नख)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• क्लीबाः: impotent men/eunuchs
• क्लीबाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्लीब (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• कुटिलैः: with crooked (nails)
• कुटिलैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुटिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• स्फुटितैः: with cracked/split (nails)
• स्फुटितैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्फुटित (कृदन्त; √स्फुट् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• नराः: men
• नराः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Paradāra-gamana (adultery) leads to visible karmic afflictions—loss of śrī (prosperity), bodily roughness, deformity, and impotence.

Vedantic Theme: Adharma binds the jīva through karma; sensory transgression produces tangible duḥkha and obscures sattva.

Application: Maintain marital fidelity and restraint (brahmacarya/indriya-nigraha); treat others’ spouses as protected by dharma; cultivate purity to preserve health and prosperity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana, Preta-kalpa ethical/karma-phala sections describing bodily marks as consequences of conduct (adjacent verses in 1.65).

FAQs

What is the importance of marital fidelity (paradāra-varjana) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats desire for another’s spouse as a grave adharma that ripens into visible suffering—loss of prosperity, bodily afflictions, and loss of virility—warning that private misconduct has karmic, public consequences.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul through karma?

By linking a specific sin (paradāra-rati) to specific results (poverty, deformity, debility), the text illustrates karma as a precise moral causality that shapes one’s embodied condition and future experience.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Guard conduct and intention in relationships, respect marital boundaries, and cultivate self-restraint (dama) and ethical living (dharma) to avoid harm to others and the karmic decline described here.