Dāna-dharma: Threefold Classification, Right Recipients, Auspicious Timing, and Fruits of Gifts
यद्दीयते तु पात्रेभ्यस्तद्दानं परिकीर्तितम् / नित्यं नैमित्तिकं काम्यं विमलं दानमीरितम्
yaddīyate tu pātrebhyastaddānaṃ parikīrtitam / nityaṃ naimittikaṃ kāmyaṃ vimalaṃ dānamīritam
Điều được đem cho các bậc xứng đáng thì gọi là bố thí chân thật. Sự bố thí thanh tịnh ấy được nói có ba loại: thường nhật, theo dịp nghi lễ, và do ước nguyện (làm để cầu một quả báo mong muốn).
Lord Vishnu
Concept: True dāna is what is given to worthy recipients; pure giving is of three types—nitya, naimittika, kāmya.
Vedantic Theme: Intention and purity refine karma; moving from kāmya toward nitya/naimittika supports inner purification and eventual detachment.
Application: Maintain a daily giving habit (nitya), give on life-events/ritual occasions (naimittika), and if giving for specific aims (kāmya), do so ethically without harming others.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Type: śāstric instruction setting
Related Themes: Garuda Purana: further typologies of dāna and pātra-lakṣaṇa; Garuda Purana: śrāddha-related naimittika dānas (thematic link)
This verse defines true dāna as that which is offered to a fit recipient; worthiness is central to making the gift “pure” (vimala) and spiritually effective.
While not naming śrāddha or piṇḍa directly, it classifies “occasional” (naimittika) giving—relevant to rite-based donations—highlighting that properly directed gifts support dharmic merit that is emphasized throughout the Garuda Purana’s ritual framework.
Give regularly, give on meaningful occasions/rites with clarity, and when giving for a goal, keep the act ethical and recipient-focused—prioritizing worthy beneficiaries and purity of conduct.