Shloka 5
Śrāddha-bheda-nirūpaṇa: Nitya, Vṛddhi, Nāndīmukha, and Ekoḍḍiṣṭa Procedures
देवपितृसर्वदेवब्राह्मणं श्राद्धकरणानुज्ञापनम् / आसने ॐ विश्वेदेवास आगत शृणुताम इमंर्ठ इवम् / तं बर्हिर्निषीदत / ॐ विश्वेदेवाः शृणुतेमं इवं ये मे अन्तरिक्षे य उदद्यविष्ट / पे अग्निजिह्वा उतवा यदत्रा आसाद्यास्मिन्बर्हिषि मादयध्वम् / ॐ आगच्छन्तु इति विश्वेदेवावाहनं-गन्धादिदानम् / अच्छिद्रावधारणवाचनम्
devapitṛsarvadevabrāhmaṇaṃ śrāddhakaraṇānujñāpanam / āsane oṃ viśvedevāsa āgata śṛṇutāma imaṃrṭha ivam / taṃ barhirniṣīdata / oṃ viśvedevāḥ śṛṇutemaṃ ivaṃ ye me antarikṣe ya udadyaviṣṭa / pe agnijihvā utavā yadatrā āsādyāsminbarhiṣi mādayadhvam / oṃ āgacchantu iti viśvedevāvāhanaṃ-gandhādidānam / acchidrāvadhāraṇavācanam
Xin phép thực hiện nghi lễ Śrāddha từ các vị thần, tổ tiên (Pitṛs), tất cả các chư thiên và các Bà-la-môn. Ngồi trên tòa sen nghi lễ, hành giả tụng: 'Hỡi các vị Viśvedevās, hãy đến; hãy lắng nghe nghi thức này; hãy an tọa trên tòa cỏ darbha thiêng liêng này. Hỡi các vị Viśvedevās, hãy lắng nghe điều này—những vị đang ở trong không trung, những vị có lưỡi lửa (như thần Agni), và bất cứ ai hiện diện ở đây—khi đã đến, hãy hoan hỷ trên tòa cỏ thiêng này.'
Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda) — ritual prescription style
Ritual Type: Parvana
Beneficiary: Pitr
Timing: At the commencement of śrāddha, before food offering; during āsana and āvāhana of Viśvedevās
Concept: Śrāddha begins with seeking adhikāra (permission/assent) and establishing an ‘unbroken’ rite through correct invitation and offerings.
Vedantic Theme: Ritual as niyama: ordered action (karma) performed with śraddhā purifies the doer and supports cosmic reciprocity (ṛta).
Application: Before any ancestral offering, formally invite the intended divine witnesses (Viśvedevās), offer gandha etc., and explicitly safeguard correctness via an ‘acchidra’ resolve/mantra.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Type: ritual space (vedi/āsana)
Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: śrāddha-vidhi sections around 1.219 (Viśvedevāhvāna, āsana, gandha-dāna, ‘acchidra’ formulas); Garuda Purana 1.219.6-1.219.8 (continuation: permissions, saṅkalpa, ekoddiṣṭa procedure); Garuda Purana 1.220.1 (transition to sapiṇḍīkaraṇa after one year)
FAQs
This verse frames Viśvedevās as the collective divine witnesses and recipients who are formally invited to “sit on the barhis” and hear the rite, establishing ritual legitimacy and auspiciousness for offerings made toward the ancestors.
It outlines a procedural order: seek permission, seat the rite, invite Viśvedevās with mantras, offer gandha (fragrance) and related upacāras, and then recite the ‘acchidra’ affirmation to ensure the rite is complete and without defect.
Perform ancestral rites with clarity of intention, respectful invitation (āvāhana), and careful completion (acchidra)—even simplified home śrāddha benefits from mindful order, cleanliness, and honoring elders and qualified officiants.