Brahma Khanda Adhyaya 219 Shloka 1 - Garuda Purana | Vietnamese | Vedapath

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Shloka 1

Śrāddha-bheda-nirūpaṇa: Nitya, Vṛddhi, Nāndīmukha, and Ekoḍḍiṣṭa Procedures

Devanagari script

नामाष्ट्रदशाधिकद्विशततमो ऽध्यायः ब्रह्मोवाच / नित्यश्राद्धं प्रवक्ष्यामि पूर्ववत्तद्विशेषवत् / ॐ अमुकगोत्राणामस्मत्पितृपितामहानां अमुकशर्मणां सपत्नीकानां श्राद्धं सिद्धान्नेन युष्मास्वहं करिष्ये / आसनादिकमत्र स्याद्विश्वेदेवाविवर्जितम्

Transliteration

nāmāṣṭradaśādhikadviśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ brahmovāca / nityaśrāddhaṃ pravakṣyāmi pūrvavattadviśeṣavat / oṃ amukagotrāṇāmasmatpitṛpitāmahānāṃ amukaśarmaṇāṃ sapatnīkānāṃ śrāddhaṃ siddhānnena yuṣmāsvahaṃ kariṣye / āsanādikamatra syādviśvedevāvivarjitam

Translation

Phạm Thiên nói: “Ta sẽ giảng về Nitya-Śrāddha (lễ Śrāddha hằng ngày) như trước, cùng những điểm sai biệt đặc thù. ‘Om—kính dâng đến các Pitṛ thuộc dòng gotra ấy, tức cha và ông nội của ta, và người mang tên ấy cùng với hiền thê; ta sẽ cử hành Śrāddha cho các ngài bằng thức ăn đã nấu chín (siddhānna).’ Tại đây, các nghi thức thường lệ như dâng chỗ ngồi v.v. vẫn làm, nhưng (trong lễ hằng ngày này) không thỉnh Viśvedevas.”

Word by Word

नाम(as) name/heading

अष्टeight

दशten

अधिकadditional

द्विशततमःtwo-hundredth

अध्यायःchapter

ब्रह्माBrahmā

उवाचsaid

नित्यश्राद्धम्daily śrāddha

प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall explain

पूर्ववत्as previously

तत्that

विशेषवत्with special details

ॐOm

अमुकगोत्राणाम्of (those) of such-and-such gotra

अस्मत्of us / our

पितृपितामहानाम्of (our) fathers and grandfathers

अमुकशर्मणाम्of such-and-such (named) Śarman(s)

सपत्नीकानाम्together with their wives

श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite

सिद्धान्नेनwith cooked/ready food

युष्मासुamong you / in you (addressed recipients)

अहम्I

करिष्येI shall perform

आसनादिकम्seats and the like

अत्रhere

स्यात्should be

विश्वेदेवthe Viśvedevas

अविवर्जितम्not omitted; not excluded

Speaker

Brahmā

Shraddha Ritual

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Daily (nitya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nitya-śrāddha: daily ancestral offering with a defined sankalpa naming gotra and ancestors, performed with cooked food and standard upacāras, omitting Viśvedevas invocation.

Vedantic Theme: Nitya-karma as purifier (citta-śuddhi) supporting higher pursuits; duty performed without attachment to display.

Application: Adopt a consistent daily (or regular) śrāddha/tarpaṇa routine: clear sankalpa, simple prepared food, proper seating/offering steps, and correct deity-scope (no Viśvedevas for this form).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: domestic ritual space (gṛha/vedi implied)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana sections enumerating nitya/naimittika/kāmya śrāddhas and their mantras; Procedural lists of āsana, arghya, pādya, ācamana, anna offerings in śrāddha context

Characters & Entities

Brahmā

Pitṛs (ancestors)

Viśvedevas

FAQs

What is the importance of Nitya Śrāddha in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Nitya Śrāddha as a regular, rule-bound ancestral rite—performed daily using cooked/ready food—meant to directly address one’s Pitṛs (father, grandfather, etc.) with proper identification by gotra and names.

Why does the verse say Viśvedevas are omitted in this daily rite?

The verse indicates that while the standard ritual components (like offering a seat) are maintained, the daily Śrāddha is a simplified/targeted offering to the Pitṛs and therefore excludes the separate invocation of the Viśvedevas.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Keep ancestral remembrance disciplined and specific: offer with sincerity, clarity of intention (naming lineage/ancestors), and regularity—while following a simplified daily format when elaborate rites are not feasible.