Shloka 12

Vāta-vyādhi Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Obstruction, Dhātu-Seating, and Major Neuromuscular Entities

Devanagari script

गुर्वङ्गन्तुद्यते ऽत्यर्थं दण्डमुष्टिहतं यथा / अस्थिस्थः सक्थिसन्ध्यस्थिशूलं तीव्रञ्च लक्षयेत्

Transliteration

gurvaṅgantudyate 'tyarthaṃ daṇḍamuṣṭihataṃ yathā / asthisthaḥ sakthisandhyasthiśūlaṃ tīvrañca lakṣayet

Translation

Khi chứng bệnh trú trong xương, tay chân nặng trĩu và bị đau nhói dữ dội như bị gậy hay nắm đấm đánh. Người ta thấy cơn đau mạnh ở xương và tại các khớp của đùi.

Word by Word

• गुरु-अङ्गम्: a heavy limb
• गुरु-अङ्गम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; (सन्दर्भे द्वितीया—उद्यते इत्यस्य कर्म); समासः—कर्मधारय (गुरुं अङ्गम्)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषबोधक अव्यय; particle

• उद्यते: is lifted/raised
• उद्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √उद्-या (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; Present indicative 3rd sg (is raised/moves upward)

• अत्यर्थम्: excessively
• अत्यर्थम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यर्थम् (अव्यय; अत्यर्थ)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय; adverb

• दण्ड-मुष्टि-हतम्: as if struck by a stick or fist
• दण्ड-मुष्टि-हतम्: Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + मुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) + हत (कृदन्त; √हन्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (उपमानरूपेण); समासः—तत्पुरुष (दण्डेन मुष्ट्या वा हतम्)

• यथा: as/like
• यथा: Sambandha (Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानबोधक अव्यय; comparative particle

• अस्थि-स्थः: situated in the bone
• अस्थि-स्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्थि (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (कृदन्त; √स्था)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; बहिर्वृत्तिविशेषण; समासः—सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (अस्थिषु स्थितः)

• सक्थि-सन्धि-अस्थि-शूलम्: pain in the thigh-joint bones
• सक्थि-सन्धि-अस्थि-शूलम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सक्थि (प्रातिपदिक) + सन्धि (प्रातिपदिक) + अस्थि (प्रातिपदिक) + शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सक्थिसन्ध्यस्थिषु शूलम्)

• तीव्रम्: severe
• तीव्रम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण (शूलम् इत्यस्य)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय; conjunction

• लक्षयेत्: should notice/diagnose
• लक्षयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √लक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; Optative 3rd sg (should observe/recognize)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Knowing the seat (āśraya) of disorder by its characteristic pain-quality and heaviness.

Vedantic Theme: Observation (sākṣitva) of sensations supports discrimination between knower and known; pain reveals the body’s conditioned nature.

Application: If pain feels like blunt-force striking with heaviness and deep bony/joint localization, treat as asthi-gata involvement and avoid overexertion; seek targeted therapy.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.166.11-15 (progression through dhātus and sites; vāta-type pain descriptors)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of bone-seated disease (asthi-gata roga) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse gives diagnostic markers—heaviness and stabbing pain like being struck—showing how the text preserves Ayurvedic-style tissue-based pathology for recognizing disease depth.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey; instead, it teaches embodied suffering and diagnosis, implying that bodily conditions are observable states within worldly life (pravṛtti) rather than afterlife geography.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat persistent deep bone/joint pain and heaviness as a serious signal—seek qualified medical/Ayurvedic evaluation rather than ignoring it as ordinary fatigue.