Shloka 1

Kuṣṭha-bheda-lakṣaṇa-nidāna and Śvitra (Kilāsa) Prognosis

Devanagari script

त्रिपष्ट्यधिकशततमो ऽध्यायः धन्वन्तरिरुवाच / मिथ्याहारविहारेण विशेषेण विरोधिना / साधुनिन्दावधाद्युद्धहरणाद्यैश्च सेवितैः

Transliteration

tripaṣṭyadhikaśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ dhanvantariruvāca / mithyāhāravihāreṇa viśeṣeṇa virodhinā / sādhunindāvadhādyuddhaharaṇādyaiśca sevitaiḥ

Translation

Chương 164. Dhanvantari nói: Do ăn uống sai lầm và hạnh kiểm bất chánh—đặc biệt bởi sự đối nghịch thù hằn, ác ý—và do làm các việc như phỉ báng bậc hiền thiện, sát hại, chiến tranh, trộm cướp và những điều tương tự, người ấy kết duyên với các nhân dẫn đến khổ bệnh nặng nề.

Word by Word

• tripaṣṭi-adhika-śata-tamaḥ: the one hundred sixty-third (chapter)
• tripaṣṭi-adhika-śata-tamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tripaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक) + tama (प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; संख्याविशेषण-समासः (tripaṣṭyadhikaśatatamaḥ = 163rd)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• dhanvantariḥ: Dhanvantari
• dhanvantariḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanvantari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• mithyā-āhāra-vihāreṇa: by false diet and conduct
• mithyā-āhāra-vihāreṇa: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mithyā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + āhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + vihāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः (āhāra-vihāra) + उपपद (mithyā)

• viśeṣeṇa: especially
• viśeṣeṇa: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययभावे तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverbial instrumental)

• virodhinā: by (acts) that are antagonistic/contrary
• virodhinā: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virodhin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• sādhu-nindā-vadha-ādi-yuddha-haraṇa-ādyaḥ: by (deeds) such as slandering the good, killing, warfare, stealing, etc.
• sādhu-nindā-vadha-ādi-yuddha-haraṇa-ādyaḥ: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sādhu (प्रातिपदिक) + nindā (प्रातिपदिक) + vadha (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक) + yuddha (प्रातिपदिक) + haraṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; समाहार/सूचीसमासः (…-ādyaḥ = 'etc.')

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपातः (conjunction)

• sevitaiḥ: practised/indulged in
• sevitaiḥ: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sev (धातु) + ta (क्त, कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; 'सेवित' = आचरित/अनुष्ठित

Speaker

Dhanvantari

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Mixed

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Adharma in conduct (slandering the virtuous, violence, theft) and improper āhāra-vihāra becomes a causal nexus for suffering and disease.

Vedantic Theme: Karma as a subtle causal force shaping embodied experience (śarīra-duḥkha) through adharma and pramāda.

Application: Adopt sāttvika diet and disciplined lifestyle; avoid nindā, hiṃsā, theft, and needless enmity; cultivate respectful speech and non-hostility.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Brahma-khanda/Preta-khanda): recurring doctrine that pāpa leads to duḥkha and roga; Dhanvantari’s medical-dharma instruction sections on āhāra-vihāra

Characters & Entities

• Dhanvantari
• Sadhus (the virtuous)

FAQs

What is the importance of diet and conduct in Garuda Purana’s teaching on karma?

This verse links wrong food habits and unethical lifestyle (vihāra) with karmic outcomes, implying that physical suffering can arise from moral and behavioral causes.

How does this verse connect sin (pāpa) with suffering?

It lists actions like slandering the virtuous, violence, war, and theft as behaviors that generate harmful karmic tendencies, which later manifest as affliction.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Adopt disciplined diet and conduct, avoid hostility and defamation, and refrain from harm and dishonest gain—treating ethics as preventive “medicine.”