Shloka 12

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

सशब्दो निः सरेद्वायुर्वहते मूत्रमल्पकम् / नातिमात्रं भवेल्लौल्यं नरस्य विरसं मुखम्

Transliteration

saśabdo niḥ saredvāyurvahate mūtramalpakam / nātimātraṃ bhavellaulyaṃ narasya virasaṃ mukham

Translation

Khi một người trung tiện có tiếng, tiểu tiện chỉ ít, ăn uống không còn ngon (mất vị), và miệng trở nên nhạt vô vị—đó là những dấu hiệu nơi thân thể được thấy ở con người.

Word by Word

• सशब्दः: with sound; noisy
• सशब्दः: Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: शब्देन सह (with sound)

• निः: out
• निः: Upasarga (Verbal prefix/उपसर्ग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय — निष्क्रमणार्थक (prefix/adverb: “out”)

• सरेत्: should pass/flow
• सरेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; “should flow/go out”

• वायुः: wind; gas
• वायुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• वहते: carries; produces
• वहते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; “carries/produces”

• मूत्रम्: urine
• मूत्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — Accusative singular

• अल्पकम्: little; scanty
• अल्पकम्: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अल्पक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — Accusative singular; विशेषण (qualifying मूत्रम्)

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — निषेध (negation particle)

• अतिमात्रम्: excessively
• अतिमात्रम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति + मात्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण — “excessively/too much”

• भवेत्: should be
• भवेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; “should be/become”

• लौल्यम्: restlessness; fickleness
• लौल्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लौल्यम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• नरस्य: of the man
• नरस्य: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Genitive singular

• विरसम्: tasteless; insipid
• विरसम्: Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन — Nominative/Accusative singular; विशेषण (qualifying मुखम्)

• मुखम्: mouth
• मुखम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The body gives observable ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas; discernment of signs reduces delusion and prompts timely spiritual preparation.

Vedantic Theme: viveka (discrimination) regarding the body’s changing states; anityatva

Application: Treat such signs as a cue to settle affairs, reconcile, and intensify sādhana/remembering the Divine rather than denial.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa lists (omens of death) including appetite loss and sensory dulling; Garuda Purana: descriptions of prāṇa weakening and excretory changes near death

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of bodily omens in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats certain bodily changes—audible flatulence, scant urination, loss of relish, and a tasteless mouth—as traditional omens used to recognize decline and prepare spiritually and ritually.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By listing end-of-life indicators, it implies a nearing transition where one should turn attention from bodily enjoyment to dharma, remembrance of the Divine, and proper preparations for the after-death journey described elsewhere in the Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a prompt for reflection and preparedness—prioritize ethical living, reconciliation, prayer/naam-smaraṇa, and timely family/ritual arrangements—while also seeking appropriate medical care for such symptoms.