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Shloka 5

Prameha-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa-Bheda: Etiology, Signs, Varieties, and Complications of Meha

Devanagari script

हस्ती मत्त इवाजस्त्रं मूत्रं वेगविवर्जितम् / सलसीकं विवद्धं च हस्तिमेही प्रमेहति

Transliteration

hastī matta ivājastraṃ mūtraṃ vegavivarjitam / salasīkaṃ vivaddhaṃ ca hastimehī pramehati

Translation

Người mắc chứng “hastimeha” (đái tháo đường kiểu voi) tiểu tiện không dứt như voi đang động dục—không có lực, không gấp gáp—nước tiểu đặc, đục và bị bế tắc; vì thế kẻ hastimehī chịu chứng prameha.

Word by Word
हस्तीan elephant (elephant-like person)
हस्ती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
मत्तःintoxicated, rutting
मत्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of हस्ती)
इवlike, as if
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
अजस्त्रम्continuously, incessantly
अजस्त्रम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअजस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbially qualifying मेहति)
मूत्रम्urine
मूत्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
वेग-विवर्जितम्devoid of force/urge (without a strong stream)
वेग-विवर्जितम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवेग (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (कृदन्त; वि+वृज्/वर्ज् धातु, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण (past passive participle) मूत्रम्-विशेषण
सलसीकम्with slimy sediment/mucus
सलसीकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसलसीक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; मूत्रम्-विशेषण
विवद्धम्thickened/obstructed, bound up
विवद्धम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootविवद्ध (कृदन्त; वि+बध् धातु, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण मूत्रम्-विशेषण
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
हस्ति-मेहीone with elephant-like meha (a type of urinary disorder)
हस्ति-मेही:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + मेहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तद्धित/प्रातिपदिकान्त (मेहिन् = suffering from meha)
प्रमेहतिpasses urine excessively / suffers from prameha
प्रमेहति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+मिह् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Lakṣaṇa-nirdeśa (diagnostic characterization) of prameha subtype hastimeha through urine qualities and pattern.

Vedantic Theme: Deha-anityatā (the body’s frailty) as an object of knowledge; viveka between self and bodily processes (implicit).

Application: Use symptom-pattern (frequency, force, turbidity, thickness/obstruction) to identify hastimeha and seek timely treatment rather than ignoring progressive disease.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.159 (Prameha/roga-nidāna context); Garuda Purana 1.160 (likely continuation of roga-cikitsā/diagnosis section)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse preserves a traditional diagnostic description of prameha subtypes, helping identify disease by observable urinary signs and linking Purana teaching with classical Ayurvedic symptomatology.

It does not describe the after-death journey here; instead, within the teaching dialogue, it focuses on bodily afflictions—implying that health, conduct, and disorder are also part of dharmic instruction given to Garuda.

Treat it as a cautionary symptom-list: persistent abnormal urination and turbidity indicate illness requiring timely medical attention, disciplined diet, and lifestyle regulation as emphasized in traditional dharmic-health frameworks.

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