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Shloka 10

Nīti-Upadeśa: Discernment, Proper Use of Resources, and Social Strategy

Devanagari script

कुले नियोजयेद्भक्तं पुत्रं विद्यासु योजयेत् / व्यसने योजयेच्छत्रुमिष्टं धर्मे नियोज्येत्

Transliteration

kule niyojayedbhaktaṃ putraṃ vidyāsu yojayet / vyasane yojayecchatrumiṣṭaṃ dharme niyojyet

Translation

Nên cử người có lòng sùng kính để quán xuyến việc nhà; nên dẫn con trai vào đường học vấn; khi gặp hoạn nạn, cũng nên khiến kẻ thù làm việc; và nên đem điều mình quý yêu, trân trọng mà phụng sự cho Dharma (Chánh pháp).

Word by Word
कुलेin the family
कुले:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
नियोजयेत्should appoint/engage
नियोजयेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि+युज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
भक्तम्a devotee/faithful person
भक्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from भज्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
विद्यासुin studies/learning
विद्यासु:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
योजयेत्should engage/assign
योजयेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
व्यसनेin calamity/distress
व्यसने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
योजयेत्should employ
योजयेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
शत्रुम्an enemy
शत्रुम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
इष्टम्desired/beneficial (task)
इष्टम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from इष्/यज् in sense 'desired/pleasing')
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied कर्म)
धर्मेin righteousness/duty
धर्मे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
नियोज्येत्should be appointed/should be engaged
नियोज्येत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि+युज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yathāyogya-niyoga (assigning persons/resources according to fitness) to protect kula and uphold dharma.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga orientation: right action with discernment (viveka) and social responsibility without confusion of roles.

Application: Delegate family management to trustworthy devotees, prioritize children’s education, use even adversaries constructively in crisis, and channel what is most valued toward dharmic ends.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.110.11-14 (fitness of placement; jewel/ornament analogies)

FAQs

This verse frames practical life-management as a dharmic discipline—assigning responsibilities wisely, prioritizing learning, and using even difficult circumstances to uphold righteousness.

Indirectly, it supports the soul’s welfare by emphasizing dharma in worldly life, since righteous conduct is repeatedly presented in the Garuda Purana as shaping karmic outcomes beyond death.

Build a trustworthy support system for family duties, invest in education, turn conflicts into accountability and productive work, and dedicate your most valued time/resources to ethical action.

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