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Shloka 29

Varṇāśrama-ācāra, Aśauca (Sūtaka) Regulations, and Prāyaścitta with Funeral-Rite Notes

Devanagari script

जात्यन्धबधिरे मूके न दोषः परिवेदने / नष्टे मृते प्रव्रजिते क्लीबे वा पतिते पतौ

Transliteration

jātyandhabadhire mūke na doṣaḥ parivedane / naṣṭe mṛte pravrajite klībe vā patite patau

Translation

Nếu người chồng bẩm sinh mù, điếc hoặc câm, thì người vợ tìm người chồng khác không mắc lỗi. Cũng vậy, nếu chồng mất tích, đã chết, đã xuất gia lìa đời (pravrajita), bất lực, hoặc sa vào trọng tội, thì nàng tái giá cũng không bị khiển trách.

Word by Word
जात्यन्धबधिरेin the case of congenital blindness and deafness
जात्यन्धबधिरे:
Adhikarana (Location/Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootजात्यन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + बधिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; समासः—जात्यन्ध + बधिर (dvandva); अधिकरण (locative)
मूकेin the case of a mute person
मूके:
Adhikarana (Location/Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमूक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (masc. loc. sg.)
नnot/no
न:
Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
दोषःfault/blame
दोषः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (masc. nom. sg.)
परिवेदनेin (the act of) remarriage/second marriage
परिवेदने:
Adhikarana (Location/Topic/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवेदन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (neut. loc. sg.)
नष्टेwhen (the husband) is missing
नष्टे:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (नश्-धातोः क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)
मृतेwhen (he) is dead
मृते:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (मृ-धातोः क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)
प्रव्रजितेwhen (he) has renounced/left home
प्रव्रजिते:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रव्रजित (प्र+व्रज्-धातोः क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)
क्लीबेwhen (he) is impotent/eunuch
क्लीबे:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्लीब (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (masc. loc. sg.)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्प-निपात (or)
पतितेwhen (he) has fallen (from dharma)
पतिते:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित (पत्-धातोः क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)
पतौin/with regard to the husband
पतौ:
Adhikarana (Location/Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (masc. loc. sg.)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: No fault attaches to a wife’s remarriage when the husband is congenitally incapacitated (blind/deaf/mute) or is lost, dead, renounced, impotent, or fallen.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma as contextual (āpaddharma): rules adapt to preserve social welfare and reduce adharma born of abandonment.

Application: Apply compassionate, context-sensitive norms in family law/ethics; prioritize protection and livelihood when marital support is impossible.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.107 (āpaddharma and prāyaścitta adjacency)

FAQs

This verse outlines specific dharmic exceptions where a woman is not blamed for seeking a new marital shelter—especially when the husband cannot fulfill marital duties due to disappearance, death, renunciation, impotence, severe disability, or grave moral fall.

Indirectly: it frames dharma in household life, emphasizing that social and ethical order must be maintained even amid loss or incapacity—supporting righteous living that, in Garuda Purana’s broader teaching, influences karmic outcomes after death.

Use it as a principle of compassionate, duty-based ethics: when a relationship cannot sustain its core responsibilities due to irreversible conditions, dharma prioritizes protection, stability, and social legitimacy over blame.

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