Shloka 2

Devanagari script

सूर्यः सोमो मङ्गलश्च बुधश्चैव बृहस्पतिः / शुक्रः शनैश्चरो राहुः केतुर्ग्रहगणाः स्मृताः

Transliteration

sūryaḥ somo maṅgalaśca budhaścaiva bṛhaspatiḥ / śukraḥ śanaiścaro rāhuḥ keturgrahagaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ

Translation

Mặt Trời, Mặt Trăng, Hỏa Tinh, Thủy Tinh, Mộc Tinh, Kim Tinh, Thổ Tinh, Rahu và Ketu—đó là chín graha, được các bậc hiền trí ghi nhớ như đoàn thể các hành tinh.

Word by Word

• sūryaḥ: Sun
• sūryaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• somaḥ: Moon
• somaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• maṅgalaḥ: Mars
• maṅgalaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṅgala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• budhaḥ: Mercury
• budhaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: budha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक (emphatic particle)

• bṛhaspatiḥ: Jupiter
• bṛhaspatiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• śukraḥ: Venus
• śukraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śukra (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• śanaiścaraḥ: Saturn (the slow-moving)
• śanaiścaraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śanaiścara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: शनैः-चरः (कर्मधारय: ‘slow-moving’)

• rāhuḥ: Rāhu
• rāhuḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāhu (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ketuḥ: Ketu
• ketuḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ketu (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• graha: planet
• graha: Sambandha (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: graha (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, समासस्थ-पूर्वपद

• gaṇāḥ: groups/collection
• gaṇāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समास: ग्रह-गणाः (तत्पुरुष: ‘groups of planets’)

• smṛtāḥ: are said/remembered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Recognition of navagrahas as operative categories for ritual propitiation and timing; orderliness in sacred practice.

Vedantic Theme: Cosmic order (rta/dharma) reflected in structured enumeration; encourages disciplined attention rather than confusion.

Application: Use the standard navagraha list consistently in worship, homa, and sankalpa; avoid ad-hoc substitutions in ritual contexts.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial sphere (astral mapping)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.101.1 (graha-yajna context); Garuda Purana 1.101.3-4 (ritual material/color classifications)

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Soma
• Mangala
• Budha
• Brihaspati
• Shukra
• Shanaishchara
• Rahu
• Ketu

FAQs

What is the importance of Navagraha in the Garuda Purana?

This verse formally enumerates the nine grahas, establishing the traditional Navagraha framework used to discuss karmic timing, worldly experiences, and dharmic remedies.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by identifying the grahas that govern embodied life and karmic results, it sets the context for how actions bear fruit through time and circumstance—topics the Purana links to dharma and post-death outcomes elsewhere.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the Navagraha framework as a reminder to live ethically and steadily through changing circumstances; when following tradition, one may pair it with prayer, charity, and discipline rather than fatalism.