Shloka 49
प्रत्याहारवर्णनम्
Pratyāhāra—Cosmic Withdrawal / Dissolution Sequence
Devanagari script
अज्ञानपूर्वकं तस्मादज्ञानं तु विवर्जयेत् / यस्य चार्षे न प्रमाणं शिष्टाचारं तथैव च
Transliteration
ajñānapūrvakaṃ tasmādajñānaṃ tu vivarjayet / yasya cārṣe na pramāṇaṃ śiṣṭācāraṃ tathaiva ca
Translation
Vì vậy, hãy dứt bỏ vô minh phát sinh từ vô minh; điều gì không có chứng cứ của các ṛṣi và cũng không hợp với nề nếp của bậc hiền (śiṣṭācāra).
Word by Word
ajñāna-pūrvakampreceded by ignorance
ajñāna-pūrvakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/adverbial qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootajñāna (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular; adverbial adjective ‘preceded by ignorance’
tasmāttherefore, from that
tasmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/source)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular; pronoun
ajñānamignorance
ajñānam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootajñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular
tubut, indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adversative/emphatic particle (तु)
vivarjayetshould avoid
vivarjayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√vṛj (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; ‘should avoid’
yasyawhose, for whom
yasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular; relative pronoun ‘whose/for whom’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
ārṣein the seers’ (scriptural) tradition
ārṣe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootārṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; ‘in the ṛṣi-tradition/ṛṣi-text’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation particle (निषेध)
pramāṇamvalid authority, proof
pramāṇam:
Pradhāna (प्रधान/predicate complement)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; predicate nominative
śiṣṭa-ācāramconduct of the learned/virtuous
śiṣṭa-ācāram:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootśiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + ācāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; object of implied ‘follow/accept’
tathāthus, likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (तथा)
evaindeed, just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle (एव)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)