Shloka 48
प्रत्याहारवर्णनम्
Pratyāhāra—Cosmic Withdrawal / Dissolution Sequence
Devanagari script
इत्येष वैषयो रागः संभूत्याः कारणं स्मृतः / ब्रह्मादौ स्थावरान्ते वै संसारेह्यादिभौतिके
Transliteration
ityeṣa vaiṣayo rāgaḥ saṃbhūtyāḥ kāraṇaṃ smṛtaḥ / brahmādau sthāvarānte vai saṃsārehyādibhautike
Translation
Như vậy, ái nhiễm đối với các cảnh trần (vaiṣaya rāga) được ghi nhớ là nguyên nhân của sự sinh khởi; từ Phạm Thiên (Brahmā) cho đến loài bất động, trong vòng luân hồi mang tính sơ khởi vật chất này.
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun
vaiṣayaḥsense-object-related
vaiṣayaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvaiṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; adjective qualifying ‘rāgaḥ’
rāgaḥattachment, passion
rāgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular
saṃbhūtyāḥof origination, of coming-to-be
saṃbhūtyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃbhūti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular; ‘of saṃbhūti/origination’
kāraṇamcause
kāraṇam:
Pradhāna (प्रधान/predicate complement)
TypeNoun
Rootkāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; predicate nominative
smṛtaḥis remembered/considered
smṛtaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; used predicatively ‘is said/considered’
brahma-ādauat the beginning with Brahmā
brahma-ādau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (contextual), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; तत्पुरुष ‘beginning with Brahmā’
sthāvara-anteup to the end of the immobile beings
sthāvara-ante:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootsthāvara (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; ‘ending with immovables’
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक)
saṃsārein transmigratory existence
saṃsāre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃsāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular
hifor, indeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; causal/emphatic particle (हेतौ/निश्चये)
ādi-bhautikein the primordial/material (world)
ādi-bhautike:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootādi (प्रातिपदिक) + bhautika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; adjective qualifying ‘saṃsāre’; ‘in the world beginning with the elements/material’