Shloka 75

Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada

Devanagari script

मासस्याहानि त्रिंशत्तु यानि वै कवयो विदुः / निर्वाणरतयो देवा रात्रयस्तु विहङ्गमाः

Transliteration

māsasyāhāni triṃśattu yāni vai kavayo viduḥ / nirvāṇaratayo devā rātrayastu vihaṅgamāḥ

Translation

Ba mươi ngày trong tháng, như các thi nhân biết, chính là chư thiên an trú trong niết-bàn; còn các đêm được gọi là vihaṅgama, linh động như chim.

Word by Word

• māsasya: of a month
• māsasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• ahāni: days
• ahāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• triṃśat: thirty
• triṃśat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: triṃśat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral, indeclinable-like in usage; here agreeing with ahāni as count “thirty”

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• yāni: which
• yāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; relative pronoun referring to ahāni

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• kavayaḥ: sages/poets
• kavayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kavi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• viduḥ: know
• viduḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vid (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); parasmaipada

• nirvāṇaratayaḥ: delighting in nirvāṇa
• nirvāṇaratayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirvāṇa-rata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; qualifying devāḥ

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• rātrayaḥ: nights
• rātrayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• tu: and/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• vihaṅgamāḥ: birds (moving ones)
• vihaṅgamāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vihaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; predicative adjective for rātrayaḥ (metaphoric/identificatory)