Shloka 109

Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada

Devanagari script

वाचावृद्धानृषीन्विद्धि मनोः स्वायभुवस्य ये / सर्वे मन्वन्तरेद्राश्च विज्ञेयास्तुल्यलक्षणाः

Transliteration

vācāvṛddhānṛṣīnviddhi manoḥ svāyabhuvasya ye / sarve manvantaredrāśca vijñeyāstulyalakṣaṇāḥ

Translation

Hãy biết các ṛṣi “già dặn trong lời” thuộc về Manu Svāyambhuva. Các Indra của mọi manvantara cũng nên hiểu là có tướng trạng tương đồng.

Word by Word

• vācā: by speech
• vācā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vṛddhān: elder, advanced
• vṛddhān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣīn

• ṛṣīn: sages
• ṛṣīn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• viddhi: know (you)
• viddhi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vid (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• manoḥ: of Manu
• manoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• svāyabhuvasya: of Svāyambhuva
• svāyabhuvasya: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svāyambhuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; epithet qualifying manu

• ye: who
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; relative pronoun

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• manvantara-indrāḥ: Manvantara-Indras (Indras in each Manvantara)
• manvantara-indrāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manvantara + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa (ṣaṣṭhī): ‘indras of (each) manvantara’

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• vijñeyāḥ: to be known/recognized
• vijñeyāḥ: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: Gerundive/necessitative (तव्यत्/यत्; here -ya), Masculine Nominative Plural; ‘to be known/recognized’

• tulya-lakṣaṇāḥ: of similar marks/character
• tulya-lakṣaṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tulya + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; bahuvrīhi: ‘having similar characteristics’