Shloka 47
लोकज्ञान-वर्णन (Lokajñāna-varṇana) — Description of World-Knowledge / Cosmogonic Classification
Devanagari script
गौरजः पुरुषो ऽथाविरश्वाश्वतरगर्दभाः / एते ग्राम्याः समृताः सप्त आरण्याः सप्त चापरे
Transliteration
gaurajaḥ puruṣo 'thāviraśvāśvataragardabhāḥ / ete grāmyāḥ samṛtāḥ sapta āraṇyāḥ sapta cāpare
Translation
Gauraja, người (puruṣa), avira, ngựa, la (aśvatara) và lừa—được kể là bảy loài gia súc; và lại còn bảy loài khác được gọi là thú rừng.
Word by Word
gaurajaḥgauraja (a species, lit. ‘born of gaura’)
gaurajaḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgaura (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Ekavacana (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: gaurāt jātaḥ (born from the fair/white one; here a kind of animal)
puruṣaḥman/human
puruṣaḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
athathen/and
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormMaṅgala/anuvādaka-avyaya (अनुवादक-अव्यय) sequential particle
avira-aśvāśvatara-gardabhāḥsheep, horses, mules, and donkeys
avira-aśvāśvatara-gardabhāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootavira (प्रातिपदिक) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक) + aśvatara (प्रातिपदिक) + gardabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); itaretara-dvandva: avirāḥ ca aśvāḥ ca aśvatarāḥ ca gardabhāḥ ca
etethese
ete:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)
grāmyāḥdomestic
grāmyāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootgrāmya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ete
samṛtāḥare said/considered (lit. ‘reckoned’)
samṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√mṛ (मृ, धातु) with sam upasarga; samṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormKta-pratyaya (क्त, past passive participle) used predicatively; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या, प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaṅkhyā (संख्या) indeclinable-like numeral; here qualifying grāmyāḥ (masc. nom. pl. sense)
āraṇyāḥwild/forest-dwelling
āraṇyāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootāraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of (ete) understood
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या, प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaṅkhyā (संख्या) numeral; qualifying āraṇyāḥ
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात)
apareothers
apare:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootapara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of āraṇyāḥ (others)