Shloka 4

चतुर्युगाख्यान (Caturyuga-Ākhyāna) — Yuga-wise Origins and Measurements of Beings

Devanagari script

स्वेनाङ्गुलप्रमाणेन निष्पन्नेन च पौष्टिकात् / एतत्स्वाभाविकं तेषां प्रमाणमिति कुर्वते

Transliteration

svenāṅgulapramāṇena niṣpannena ca pauṣṭikāt / etatsvābhāvikaṃ teṣāṃ pramāṇamiti kurvate

Translation

Bằng thước đo angula của chính mình—được hoàn thiện nhờ sự nuôi dưỡng—họ xác lập kích thước; đó được xem là chuẩn mực tự nhiên của họ.

Word by Word

• svena: by their own
• svena: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; reflexive/possessive adjective

• aṅgula-pramāṇena: by the measure of an aṅgula
• aṅgula-pramāṇena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṅgula-pramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; tatpuruṣa: aṅgula + pramāṇa

• niṣpannena: produced/formed
• niṣpannena: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣpanna (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from निष्+√पद/√पद् in sense 'produced/formed')
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; past participle used adjectivally

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• pauṣṭikāt: from nourishment/strength
• pauṣṭikāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pauṣṭika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; 'from nourishment/strengthening (factor)'

• etat: this
• etat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• svābhāvikam: natural
• svābhāvikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svābhāvika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; agrees with etat/pramāṇam

• teṣām: of them
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Genitive (6th), Plural

• pramāṇam: measure
• pramāṇam: Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st), Singular

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle

• kurvate: they make/consider
• kurvate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person, Plural; ātmanepada