Shloka 21

Saṃkhyāvarta (संख्यावर्त्त): Commencement of Yajña at the Dawn of Tretāyuga

Devanagari script

एष धर्मो महाप्राज्ञ विरञ्चिविहितः पुरा / एवं विश्वभुगिन्द्रस्तु ऋषिभिस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः

Transliteration

eṣa dharmo mahāprājña virañcivihitaḥ purā / evaṃ viśvabhugindrastu ṛṣibhistattvadarśibhiḥ

Translation

Hỡi bậc đại trí, pháp này thuở xưa do Viranci (Phạm Thiên) thiết lập; cũng như vậy, các hiền thánh thấy chân lý đã tâu rõ với Indra, đấng chủ trì cõi thế.

Word by Word

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• dharmaḥ: dharma; duty/law
• dharmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• mahāprājña: O great wise one
• mahāprājña: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + prājña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Vocative (सम्बोधन) Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); संबोधन-प्रयोग (address)

• virañci-vihitaḥ: ordained by Virañci (Brahmā)
• virañci-vihitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virañci + vihita (कृदन्त; √dhā/धा, kta)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); kta-participle (क्त) used adjectivally

• purā: formerly; in ancient times
• purā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• evam: thus
• evam: Prakāra-adhikaraṇa (प्रकार-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/Adverb (निपात/क्रियाविशेषण)

• viśvabhuk: Viśvabhuk (world-sustainer; epithet)
• viśvabhuk: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśva + bhuj (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); bahuvrīhi-sense possible in usage, but form treated as noun epithet

• indraḥ: Indra
• indraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (निपात), adversative/emphatic

• ṛṣibhiḥ: by the sages
• ṛṣibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया) Plural (बहुवचन)

• tattva-darśibhiḥ: (by) the truth-seeing
• tattva-darśibhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tattva + darśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया) Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying ṛṣibhiḥ