Shloka 37
Bhūtasarga-Prakaraṇa
Account of Elemental Creation from Avyakta to Mahat
Devanagari script
अव्यक्तं क्षेत्रमित्युक्तं ब्रह्म क्षेत्रज्ञमुच्यते / इत्येवं प्राकृतः सर्गः क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितस्तु सः
Transliteration
avyaktaṃ kṣetramityuktaṃ brahma kṣetrajñamucyate / ityevaṃ prākṛtaḥ sargaḥ kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitastu saḥ
Translation
Cái chưa hiển lộ được gọi là ‘Kṣetra’, còn Brahman được gọi là ‘Kṣetrajña’; như vậy, cuộc sáng tạo thuộc Prakṛti này được Kṣetrajña chủ trì.
Word by Word
avyaktamunmanifest
avyaktam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-vyakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana (Singular)
kṣetramfield (of matter)
kṣetram:
Karta (कर्ता) (in ‘is called’)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
itithus/‘as’
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (iti-nipāta)
uktamis said/called
uktam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु) + kta (क्त) (कृदन्त)
FormKta-participle used impersonally; Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
brahmaBrahman
brahma:
Karta (कर्ता) (in ‘is called’)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
kṣetrajñamknower of the field
kṣetrajñam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetra + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular); तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी) ‘क्षेत्रस्य ज्ञः’
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular); passive sense ‘is called’
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle
evamin this way
evam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormPrakāra-avyaya (adverb)
prākṛtaḥmaterial/pertaining to Prakṛti
prākṛtaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprākṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
sargaḥcreation/emanation
sargaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
kṣetrajña-adhiṣṭhitaḥpresided over by the knower of the field
kṣetrajña-adhiṣṭhitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣetrajña + adhiṣṭhita (प्रातिपदिक; √sthā with adhi- + kta)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular); तत्पुरुषः (तृतीया/षष्ठी-भाव) ‘क्षेत्रज्ञेन अधिष्ठितः/क्षेत्रज्ञस्य अधिष्ठितः’
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormVirodha/avadhāraṇa-nipāta (particle: but/indeed)
saḥthat (creation)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to sargaḥ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)