Shloka 60
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
सर्वसाधारणा ह्येते त्रेतायां वै भवं त्युत / वर्णाश्रमव्यवस्थानं तेषां ब्रह्मा तदाकरोत्
Transliteration
sarvasādhāraṇā hyete tretāyāṃ vai bhavaṃ tyuta / varṇāśramavyavasthānaṃ teṣāṃ brahmā tadākarot
Translation
Hỡi Bhava! Trong Tretāyuga, những điều ấy đều là chung cho mọi người; khi ấy Phạm Thiên (Brahmā) đã thiết lập trật tự varṇāśrama cho họ.
Word by Word
sarva-sādhāraṇāḥcommon to all
sarva-sādhāraṇāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + sādhāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya: 'common to all'
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta (particle) giving emphasis/causal sense
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; sarvanāma
tretāyāmin Tretā (age)
tretāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottretā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta (emphatic particle)
bhavamexistence, becoming (state)
bhavam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (द्वितीया/Accusative), Ekavacana
tyutaO one (addressed)
tyuta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottyuta (कृदन्त; √tyaj/त्यज् or √tud?; used as vocative epithet)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative), Ekavacana; sambोधन (address)
varṇa-āśrama-vyavasthānamthe varṇa-āśrama system
varṇa-āśrama-vyavasthānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + vyavasthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (determinative): 'the arrangement/system of varṇas and āśramas'
teṣāmfor them / of them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī (Genitive), Bahuvacana
brahmāBrahmā
brahmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल/Time adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya (temporal adverb)
akarotmade, established
akarot:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada