Shloka 48
Amāvasyā-Pitṛtarpaṇa: Purūravas and the Soma-Based Ancestral Offering (अमावस्या-पितृतर्पण / सोमतर्पण-विधि)
Devanagari script
व्युच्छिद्य तममावस्यां पश्यतस्तौ समागतौ / अन्योन्यं चन्द्रसूर्यौं तौ यदा तद्वर्श उच्यते
Transliteration
vyucchidya tamamāvasyāṃ paśyatastau samāgatau / anyonyaṃ candrasūryauṃ tau yadā tadvarśa ucyate
Translation
Xé tan bóng tối dày của đêm Amāvasyā, trước mắt người nhìn thấy, cả hai đã hội ngộ; khi Chandra và Sūrya giao hội với nhau, khi ấy được gọi là ‘varṣa’.
Word by Word
vyucchidyahaving interrupted/after cutting off
vyucchidya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√chid (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from vi-√chid ‘to cut off, interrupt’
tamaḥdarkness
tamaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
amāvasyāmon the new-moon night
amāvasyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootamāvasyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
paśyataḥof the two watching
paśyataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Root√paś (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन); ‘of the two who are seeing/while they watch’
tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual
samāgataucame together
samāgatau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√gam (धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; ‘having come together/arrived’
anyonyaṃmutually/each other
anyonyaṃ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyonya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormReciprocal indeclinable (अव्यय), used adverbially
candra-sūryauthe moon and the sun
candra-sūryau:
Apposition to Karta (कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootcandra (प्रातिपदिक) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual
tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Dual
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
FormTemporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
tadthat (event)
tad:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; correlating with yadā
varṣaḥa rain/seasonal rain
varṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)