Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 35
Devanagari script
ज्ञातवन्तः क्रियावन्तः क्षमावन्तः सुहृत्प्रियाः धर्माधर्मविदो नित्यं ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //
Translation
Câu kệ này (35) nêu bày Chánh pháp thanh tịnh và tri kiến kinh điển, làm ngọn đèn chỉ lối cho người cầu chân lý.
Word by Word
jñātavantaḥknowing, learned
jñātavantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootjñātavant (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √jñā (धातु) + -tavat)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Bahuvacana (Plural); tavat-pratyayānta (possessive)
kriyāvantaḥactive, performing deeds
kriyāvantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkriyāvat (प्रातिपदिक; kriyā (स्त्री) + -vat)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; vat-pratyayānta (possessive)
kṣamāvantaḥforbearing, patient
kṣamāvantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣamāvat (प्रातिपदिक; kṣamā (स्त्री) + -vat)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; vat-pratyayānta
suhṛtpriyāḥdear to friends / friendly
suhṛtpriyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsuhṛt + priya (प्रातिपदिके)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (genitive determinative): suhṛtaḥ priyāḥ = friends-dear
dharmadharma, righteousness
dharma:
—
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga; samāsa-aṅga (compound member), not independently declined here
adharmaunrighteousness
adharma:
—
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga; samāsa-aṅga (compound member), not independently declined here
vidaḥknowers (of both)
vidaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvid (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √vid (धातु) + -a (agent noun))
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; dharma-adharma-vidaḥ = knowers of dharma and adharma (dvandva within object domain + agent noun)
nityamalways
nityam:
Kāla/Prakāra (काल/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable adverb)
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; sarvanāma (pronoun)
narāḥmen, persons
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
svargagāminaḥheaven-going
svargagāminaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga + gāmin (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gam (धातु) + -in)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; upapada-tatpuruṣa: svargaṃ gacchanti iti (going to heaven)
Speaker
Maheśvara to the देवी (continuation)