Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 24
Devanagari script
मत्स्योदके यथा तद्वद् अन्यत्वम् उपलभ्यते एवम् एव च गन्तव्यं नानात्वैकत्वम् एतयोः //
Translation
Câu kệ này (24) nên được lắng nghe với lòng tôn kính như nghe Veda, vì nó chỉ bày con đường Dharma.
Word by Word
matsya-udakein water (as in the fish-in-water example)
matsya-udake:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmatsya + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in fish-water’ i.e., in water (as fish’s medium)
yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (उपमानार्थक), ‘as/just as’
tadvatlikewise
tadvat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadvat (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb, ‘so/likewise’
anyatvamdifference / otherness
anyatvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanyatva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
upalabhyateis perceived / is found
upalabhyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√labh (लभ् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद) passive-like usage ‘is perceived/obtained’
evamthus
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक), ‘thus’
evaindeed / just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारणार्थक निपात)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयार्थक निपात)
gantavyamshould be understood / is to be concluded
gantavyam:
Karya/Prayojya (कार्य/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Root√gam (गम् धातु)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); gerundive (तव्यत्) used as predicate ‘to be understood/should be concluded’
nānātva-ekatvamdifference-and-oneness (both)
nānātva-ekatvam:
Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootnānātva + ekatva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); copulative ‘difference and oneness’ (as a single notion)
etayoḥof these two
etayoḥ:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन)
Speaker
A teacher/sage instructing a king