Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 23
Devanagari script
उक्तो बुद्धश् च तत्त्वेन यथाश्रुतिनिदर्शनात् मशकोदुम्बरे यद्वद् अन्यत्वं तद्वद् एतयोः //
Translation
Câu kệ này (23) tiếp nối lời dạy, gìn giữ ý nghĩa linh thiêng và tri thức cổ truyền.
Word by Word
uktaḥsaid / described
uktaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); past passive participle (क्त)
buddhaḥawakened / enlightened
buddhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√budh (बुध् धातु)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); past passive participle (क्त)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयार्थक निपात)
tattvenaby the reality / in truth
tattvena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
yathāśruti-nidarśanātfrom an illustration as heard (in tradition)
yathāśruti-nidarśanāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootyathā-śruti + nidarśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘from the illustration according to what is heard (scriptural report)’
maśaka-udumbarein (the example of) a gnat and an udumbara fig
maśaka-udumbare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmaśaka + udumbara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in the udumbara (fig) [with] a gnat’ (contextual locus)
yadvatjust as
yadvat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadvat (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb (यद्-तद्), ‘just as’
anyatvamdifference / otherness
anyatvam:
Karya/Pratijñā (प्रत्यय/प्रातिपदिकार्थ)
TypeNoun
Rootanyatva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); here as predicate-noun
tadvatso / likewise
tadvat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadvat (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb, ‘so / likewise’
etayoḥof these two
etayoḥ:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी) / Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन); here genitive ‘of these two’
Speaker
A teacher/sage instructing a king (addressed later as mahārāja/rājan)