Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 39

Priyavrata Accepts Kingship by Brahmā’s Instruction; Sapta-dvīpa Formation and Renunciation

Devanagari script

तस्य ह वा एते श्लोका:— प्रियव्रतकृतं कर्म को नु कुर्याद्विनेश्वरम् । यो नेमिनिम्नैरकरोच्छायां घ्नन् सप्त वारिधीन् ॥ ३९ ॥

Transliteration

tasya ha vā ete ślokāḥ — priyavrata-kṛtaṁ karma ko nu kuryād vineśvaram yo nemi-nimnair akaroc chāyāṁ ghnan sapta vāridhīn

Translation

Về Ngài có những kệ tụng nổi tiếng— nếu không nhờ quyền năng của Đấng Tối Thượng, ai có thể làm được công hạnh như Mahārāja Priyavrata? Ngài để lại vệt bánh xe như chém tan bóng tối, khiến ranh giới bảy đại dương hiển lộ.

Synonyms

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (contextual) — ‘of him/its’

• ह: indeed
• ह: सम्बन्ध/निपात (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), emphasis/recall

• वा: indeed/also
• वा: निपात (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), optional/emphatic

• एते: these
• एते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• श्लोकाः: verses
• श्लोकाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• प्रियव्रत-कृतम्: done by Priyavrata
• प्रियव्रत-कृतम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रियव्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (कृ-धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया/प्रथमा एकवचन (Acc./Nom. Singular) agreeing with ‘कर्म’; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) — ‘done by Priyavrata’

• कर्म: deed
• कर्म: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• कः: who
• कः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• नु: indeed/then
• नु: निपात (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (interrogative/emphatic particle)

• कुर्यात्: would do
• कुर्यात्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• विना: without
• विना: अपादान/वियोग (Ablative sense: without)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय/पूर्वपद (indeclinable preposition) governing तृतीया/द्वितीया usage; here with ‘ईश्वरम्’ (acc.)

• ईश्वरम्: the Lord
• ईश्वरम्: अपादान/वियोग-आश्रय (object of ‘without’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• नेमि-निम्नैः: by the wheel-ruts
• नेमि-निम्नैः: करण (Karana/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नेमि (प्रातिपदिक) + निम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — ‘by the depressions made by the rim (of the chariot-wheel)’

• अकरोत्: made
• अकरोत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• छायाम्: shade
• छायाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छाया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• घ्नन्: destroying
• घ्नन्: कर्ता-विशेषण (participial predicate of subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), प्रथमा एकवचन पुंलिङ्ग — ‘striking/destroying’ (agreeing with ‘यः’)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्तन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या (indeclinable-like numeral), here qualifying ‘वारिधीन्’

• वारिधीन्: oceans
• वारिधीन्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारिधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

Purport

“No one but the Supreme Personality of Godhead could do what Mahārāja Priyavrata has done. Mahārāja Priyavrata dissipated the darkness of night, and with the rims of his great chariot, he excavated seven oceans.”

Characters & Entities

• Priyavrata
• Īśvara (the Supreme Lord)

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about Maharaja Priyavrata’s extraordinary power?

This verse says Priyavrata’s astonishing deeds are not possible without the Supreme Lord (Īśvara); his abilities are understood as divinely empowered, not merely human.

Why are ‘verses of praise’ (ślokaḥ) quoted about Priyavrata in Canto 5?

Śukadeva Gosvāmī cites traditional celebratory verses to highlight Priyavrata’s God-given potency and his role in establishing cosmic order, stressing that greatness is rooted in the Lord’s support.

How can this teaching be applied in modern life?

It encourages humility and devotion: pursue duty sincerely, but recognize that real capacity and success ultimately depend on the Lord’s grace—so offer results back to God and avoid pride.