Shloka 18

Pradyumna’s Abduction, Mahā-māyā, and the Slaying of Śambara

Devanagari script

सोऽधिक्षिप्तो दुर्वाचोभि: पदाहत इवोरग: । निश्चक्राम गदापाणिरमर्षात्ताम्रलोचन: ॥ १८ ॥

Transliteration

so ’dhikṣipto durvācobhiḥ padāhata ivoragaḥ niścakrāma gadā-pāṇir amarṣāt tāmra-locanaḥ

Translation

Bị những lời cay nghiệt xúc phạm, Śambara cuồng nộ như rắn bị đá. Hắn bước ra, tay cầm chùy, mắt đỏ ngầu vì giận dữ.

Synonyms

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative singular)

• अधिक्षिप्तः: being insulted
• अधिक्षिप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधि-क्षिप् (धातु) + क्त (भूतकृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः भूतकृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (past passive participle: ‘insulted/abused’)

• दुर्वाचोभिः: by harsh words
• दुर्वाचोभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्वाचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया-बहुवचनम् (Instrumental plural: by harsh words)

• पदाहतः: as if trampled
• पदाहतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पदाहत (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √हन् with उपसर्ग)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः भूतकृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (as if ‘struck by a foot’)

• इव: as if
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक-अव्ययम् (indeclinable of comparison: like/as if)

• उरगः: a serpent
• उरगः: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative singular)

• निश्चक्राम: came forth/advanced
• निश्चक्राम: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निस्-क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् (3rd sg)

• गदापाणिः: mace-in-hand
• गदापाणिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा + पाणि (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (gadayāḥ pāṇiḥ: ‘one whose hand has a mace’), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• अमर्षात्: from anger
• अमर्षात्: Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (Ablative singular: from indignation)

• ताम्रलोचनः: red-eyed
• ताम्रलोचनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ताम्र + लोचन (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: कर्मधारयः (tāmraṃ locanam yasya / tāmra-locana: ‘copper-reddish-eyed’), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

Characters & Entities

• Pradyumna

FAQs

What does Srimad Bhagavatam 10.55.18 describe?

It describes Pradyumna being provoked by harsh insults and rushing forward like a trampled serpent, holding a mace, with eyes reddened in anger.

Why did Pradyumna become angry in Canto 10 Chapter 55?

Because he was verbally insulted with cruel words in the course of the confrontation, and as a kṣatriya hero he responded immediately, ready to fight.

What is the practical lesson from this Bhagavatam verse about anger?

The verse shows how provocation can ignite anger instantly; a modern takeaway is to recognize triggers early and channel strong emotions toward dharmic, disciplined action rather than impulsive harm.