Shloka 42

Paugaṇḍa Cowherding, Tālavana, the Slaying of Dhenukāsura, and Revival from Poisoned Yamunā Water

Devanagari script

तं गोरजश्छुरितकुन्तलबद्धबर्ह- वन्यप्रसूनरुचिरेक्षणचारुहासम् । वेणुम्क्वणन्तमनुगैरुपगीतकीर्तिं गोप्यो दिद‍ृक्षितद‍ृशोऽभ्यगमन् समेता: ॥ ४२ ॥

Transliteration

taṁ gorajaś-churita-kuntala-baddha-barha- vanya-prasūna-rucirekṣaṇa-cāru-hāsam veṇum kvaṇantam anugair upagīta-kīrtiṁ gopyo didṛkṣita-dṛśo ’bhyagaman sametāḥ

Translation

Tóc Ngài phủ bụi do đàn bò tung lên, cài lông công và hoa rừng; ánh nhìn duyên dáng, nụ cười tuyệt mỹ; Ngài thổi sáo trong khi bạn đồng hành hát ca vinh quang Ngài. Các gopī, mắt khát khao được thấy Ngài, cùng nhau tiến đến đón gặp.

Synonyms

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• गोरजः: cow-dust
• गोरजः: सम्बन्ध/उपपद (Qualifier in compound chain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो + रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—गवां रजः (cow-dust)

• छुरित: smeared
• छुरित: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छुरित (प्रातिपदिक; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण)
• Form: भूतकाले कृदन्त (Past participial adjective), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-समर्थ; समासाङ्ग (as member)

• कुन्तल: locks of hair
• कुन्तल: सम्बन्ध (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• बद्ध: tied / fastened
• बद्ध: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकाले कृदन्त (Past passive participle), समासाङ्ग

• बर्ह: peacock-feather
• बर्ह: सम्बन्ध (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• वन्य: wild (forest)
• वन्य: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member); विशेषणम्

• प्रसून: flowers
• प्रसून: सम्बन्ध (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसून (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• रुचिर: beautiful
• रुचिर: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुचिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member); विशेषणम्

• ईक्षण: glance / eyes
• ईक्षण: सम्बन्ध (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• चारु: charming
• चारु: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चारु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member); विशेषणम्

• हासम्: smile
• हासम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समस्तपदम् (whole compound qualifies तम्)

• वेणुम्: flute
• वेणुम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेणु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• क्वणन्तम्: playing (sounding)
• क्वणन्तम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्वण् (धातु) + शतृ (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तम्-विशेषणम्

• अनुगैः: by the accompanying
• अनुगैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• उपगीतकीर्तिम्: whose fame was sung
• उपगीतकीर्तिम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपगीत (गै-धातु, क्त) + कीर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक 'कीर्ति' (f.), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—उपगीता कीर्तिः यस्य/यस्याः (whose fame is sung)

• गोप्यः: the gopīs
• गोप्यः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• दिदृक्षितदृशः: with eyes eager to see
• दिदृक्षितदृशः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिदृक्षिता (दृश्-धातु, तुमुन्/इच्छार्थक कृदन्त-आधारित) + दृश्/दृश् (प्रातिपदिक 'दृश्' = eye/look)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—दिदृक्षिता (द्रष्टुम् इच्छिता) दृशः येषाम् (whose eyes were eager to see)

• अभ्यगमन्: they approached
• अभ्यगमन्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• समेताः: assembled / together
• समेताः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकाले कृदन्त (Past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृवाच्य-विशेषणम्

Purport

Superficially, the gopīs were young married girls, and therefore they would naturally be ashamed and fearful of casting loving glances at a beautiful young boy like Śrī Kṛṣṇa. But Śrī Kṛṣṇa is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and all living beings are His eternal servants. Thus the gopīs, although the most pure-hearted of all great souls, did not hesitate to come forward and satisfy their love-struck eyes by drinking in the sight of beautiful young Kṛṣṇa. The gopīs also relished the sweet sound of His flute and the enchanting fragrance of His body.

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Kṛṣṇa
• Gopīs
• Cowherd boys (Kṛṣṇa’s companions)

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about the gopīs’ longing to see Kṛṣṇa?

This verse depicts the gopīs approaching together with eyes eager for darśana, showing that intense longing to behold Kṛṣṇa is itself a hallmark of pure bhakti.

Why do the gopīs come together to meet Kṛṣṇa in this pastime?

Hearing and seeing Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana—playing the flute and surrounded by companions—draws them irresistibly; they assemble and go as a group, absorbed in affection and attraction to His presence.

Practical application of remembering Kṛṣṇa’s form and qualities in modern life?

Use this verse for rūpa-dhyāna: contemplate Kṛṣṇa’s smile, glance, and flute-song while chanting His names, turning the mind from distraction toward loving remembrance.