Previous Verse
Next Verse

Srimad Bhagavatam — Chaturtha Skandha, Shloka 20

Pṛthu Pursues the Earth and the Earth Takes the Form of a Cow

Bhūmi as Gauḥ

प्रहरन्ति न वै स्त्रीषु कृताग:स्वपि जन्तव: । किमुत त्वद्विधा राजन् करुणा दीनवत्सला: ॥ २० ॥

praharanti na vai strīṣu kṛtāgaḥsv api jantavaḥ kim uta tvad-vidhā rājan karuṇā dīna-vatsalāḥ

Dẫu người nữ có phạm tội, cũng không nên ra tay với nàng. Huống chi bệ hạ, ôi đức vua, vốn đầy lòng từ mẫn, che chở và thương yêu kẻ nghèo khổ.

प्रहरन्तिthey strike/attack
प्रहरन्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
स्त्रीषुamong women / in women
स्त्रीषु:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (plural)
कृतागःसुamong the guilty (those who have committed sin)
कृतागःसु:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-आगस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (कृतं आगः येषाम्), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (plural)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: even/also)
जन्तवःcreatures
जन्तवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)
किम्what
किम्:
Prayojaka/Question (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (singular); प्रश्नार्थक (interrogative)
उतthen / indeed
उत:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; in 'किम् उत' = 'how much more')
त्वद्विधाःpeople like you
त्वद्विधाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्-विद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि समास (त्वद्विधः = 'one like you'), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)
करुणाःcompassionate
करुणाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)
दीनवत्सलाःaffectionate to the poor
दीनवत्सलाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन-वत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (दीनानां वत्सलाः), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)
P
Pṛthu Mahārāja
B
Bhūmi (Earth-goddess/Pṛthvī)

FAQs

This verse teaches that even ordinary beings refrain from harming a woman, and that a righteous king must be even more compassionate—especially toward the distressed.

In the narrative, Pṛthu confronts the Earth for withholding resources; Bhūmi appeals to his dharma and innate compassion, discouraging harsh violence and urging merciful governance.

Exercise power with restraint: avoid harming the vulnerable, respond to conflict with empathy, and let compassion guide leadership and decision-making.