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Srimad Bhagavatam — Chaturtha Skandha, Shloka 61

Genealogies of Svāyambhuva Manu, the Appearance of Yajña, and Atri’s Sons

Brahmā–Viṣṇu–Śiva Expansions

तेभ्योऽग्नय: समभवन्चत्वारिंशच्च पञ्च च । त एवैकोनपञ्चाशत्साकं पितृपितामहै: ॥ ६१ ॥

tebhyo ’gnayaḥ samabhavan catvāriṁśac ca pañca ca ta evaikonapañcāśat sākaṁ pitṛ-pitāmahaiḥ

Từ ba vị ấy lại sinh ra bốn mươi lăm vị thần lửa nữa. Vì vậy tổng số thần lửa là bốn mươi chín, kể cả các bậc cha và vị tổ phụ.

tebhyaḥfrom them
tebhyaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (contextual), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), बहुवचन (Plural)
agnayaḥfires (Agni-forms)
agnayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
samabhavancame into being/arose
samabhavan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू) (धातु) + sam- (उपसर्ग)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
catvāriṁśatforty
catvāriṁśat:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootcatvāriṁśat (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनार्थे (numeral used as count)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
pañcafive
pañca:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootpañca (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनार्थे (numeral used as count)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (restrictive/emphatic particle)
ekona-pañcāśatforty-nine
ekona-pañcāśat:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootekona (प्रातिपदिक) + pañcāśat (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (अव्ययीभाववत्/निर्धारण: ‘एकेन ऊना पञ्चाशत्’ = 49); संख्याशब्दः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative) बहुवचनार्थे (count)
sākamtogether with
sākam:
Sahakari (सहकारी/associative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākam (अव्यय)
Formसहार्थक-अव्यय (adverb meaning ‘together with’)
pitṛ-pitāmahaiḥwith the fathers and grandfathers
pitṛ-pitāmahaiḥ:
Sahakari (सहकारी/Instrumental of association)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + pitāmaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (समाहार/इतरेतर: ‘पितरश्च पितामहाश्च’), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

The grandfather is Agni, and the sons are Pāvaka, Pavamāna and Śuci. Counting these four, plus forty-five grandsons, there are altogether forty-nine different fire-gods.

A
Agni-devatās (the fires)
P
Pitṛs (fathers/forefathers)
P
Pitāmahas (grandfathers)

FAQs

This verse states that forty-five fires were born, and counting along with their fathers and grandfathers the total becomes forty-nine.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating to King Parīkṣit as part of the genealogical account in Canto 4, Chapter 1.

It reminds a student of the Bhagavatam that the universe is ordered and purposeful, encouraging reverence for sacred forces like fire (used in yajña and worship) and gratitude toward forefathers and tradition.