Mantra 1

Sukta 110

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

शत्रुनाशनम्। अग्न इन्द्रश्च दाशुषे हतो वृत्राण्यप्रति। उभा हि वृत्रहन्तमा

IAST Transliteration

agní índraś ca dāśúṣe ható vṛtrā́ṇy apratí | ubhā́ hí vṛtrahántamā ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Agni and Indra, for the pious giver, have smitten the obstructions, irresistibly; for both are, in truth, the most puissant slayers of Vṛtra.

Translation

Agni và Indra, vì người dâng hiến với lòng mộ đạo, đã đánh tan các chướng ngại một cách không gì cưỡng nổi; bởi quả thật cả hai là những bậc diệt Vṛtra hùng lực bậc nhất.

Word by Word

• शत्रुनाशनम्: (a charm/act) for destroying enemies
• शत्रुनाशनम्: Karma (as an appositional object/heading: ‘enemy-destruction’)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: शत्रु-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नाशन < √नश्/नाश् ‘नाशयति’)

• अग्निः: Agni
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā (co-agent with अग्निः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• दाशुषे: to/for the worshipper (the giver of offerings)
• दाशुषे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (agent noun used substantively)
• Root: दाशु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; परिपूर्ण/परिपक्व दानकर्ता; from √दाश्/√दाश ‘to give, worship, offer’)

• हतः: slain
• हतः: —
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: हन् (कृदन्त: भूतकृदन्त/क्त; हत)

• वृत्राणि: Vṛtras / obstructing foes
• वृत्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अप्रति: irresistibly; without opposition
• अप्रति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अ-प्रति (निपात/अव्यय; neg. prefix + प्रति)

• उभा: both
• उभा: Kartā (dual subject: Agni and Indra)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: उभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘both’)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• वृत्रहन्तमा: the two most excellent Vṛtra-slayers
• वृत्रहन्तमा: Kartā (predicate adjective of उभा)
• Type: Adjective (superlative, dual agreement)
• Root: वृत्रहन्-तम (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्रहन् ‘Vṛtra-slayer’ + तमप् superlative)

Attribution

Rishi: To be confirmed from AVŚ anukramaṇī (Agni–Indra hymn-type).

Devata: Agni–Indra

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely; short pāda structure).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Invocation of power → assertion of irresistible victory → stabilized courage.","listener_experience":"Uplifted bravery, readiness to act, sense of being backed by strong allies.","intensity":7}