Mantra 1

Sukta 51

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अभि प्र वः सुराधसमिन्द्रमर्च यथा विदे। यो जरितृभ्यो मघवा पुरूवसुः सहस्रेणेव शिक्षति

IAST Transliteration

abhí prá vaḥ surā́dhasam índram arca yáthā vidé | yó jaritṛ́bhyo maghávā purūvásuḥ sahásreṇeva śíkṣati

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Sing forth unto Indra, bounteous in fair gifts, even so that the wise may know him: he, Maghavan, rich in many treasures, to the praisers grants reward as though with a thousandfold bestowal.

Translation

Hãy cất lời ca tụng Indra, đấng giàu có trong những ân tặng tốt lành, để bậc trí giả nhận biết Ngài. Maghavan, kẻ giàu nhiều châu báu, ban phần thưởng cho người ca ngợi như thể bố thí gấp ngàn lần.

Word by Word

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग) / अभि

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग) / प्र

• वः: for you (to you), of you
• वः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• सुराधसम्: of good bounty, very generous
• सुराधसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-राधस् (प्रातिपदिक: सुराधस्)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्च: praise!, sing!
• अर्च: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च्

• यथा: so that, as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• विदे: he knows, he finds (it)
• विदे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (वेद/विद् ‘जानाति’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• जरितृभ्यः: to the singers/praisers
• जरितृभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरितृ (प्रातिपदिक; √जृ/जर् ‘स्तुति/कीर्तन’ से ‘स्तुतिकर्तृ’)

• मघवा: the bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र-विशेषण)

• पुरूवसुः: having many riches
• पुरूवसुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-वसु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय)

• सहस्रेण: with a thousand
• सहस्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: as if, like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• शिक्षति: he gives, bestows; he teaches/trains (here: bestows)
• शिक्षति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष्

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Indra-stuti); in AV 20 the seer-attribution follows the source hymn tradition rather than native AV authorship.

Devata: Indra (Maghavan, Vṛtrahan by implication)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (Ṛgvedic-style; AV 20 predominantly preserves RV meters)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shringara","emotional_arc":"Eager praise → recognition of generosity → delight in overflowing reward.","listener_experience":"Hopeful uplift; sense of being worthy to receive; joy in abundance.","intensity":5}