Mantra 1

Sukta 99

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अभि त्वा पूर्वपीतय इन्द्र स्तोमेभिरायवः । समीचीनास ऋभवः समस्वरन् रुद्रा गृणन्त पूर्व्यम्

IAST Transliteration

abhí tvā pūrvápītaya índra stómebhir ā́yavaḥ | samīcīnā́sa ṛ́bhavaḥ sám asvaran rudrā́ gṛṇanta pū́rvyam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Unto thee, O Indra, the erst-drinkers, the Āyavas, with praises press; in seemly order the Ṛbhus sounded forth together; the Rudras hymn thy ancient glory.

Translation

Hỡi Indra, những kẻ uống trước thuở xưa—Āyavas—dùng lời tán tụng mà thúc ép tiến đến ngươi. Trong trật tự đoan chính, các Ṛbhus cùng hòa tiếng vang lên; các Rudras ngâm ca vinh quang cổ xưa của ngươi.

Word by Word

• अभि: towards, unto
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• त्वा: you (acc. sg.)
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्वपीतयः: the earlier drinkers / those who drank before (epithet of worshippers)
• पूर्वपीतयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पूर्वपीति- (प्रातिपदिक; पूर्व + पीति)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: —
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्तोमेभिः: with hymns/praises
• स्तोमेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आयवः: the Āyus/Āyava people (worshippers)
• आयवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘आयु’ → ‘आयवः’ nom. pl. ved.)

• समीचीनासः: well-directed, fitting, harmonious
• समीचीनासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीचीन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभवः: the Ṛbhus
• ऋभवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: ऋभु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अस्वरन्: they sounded/sang
• अस्वरन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्वर् (स्वरँ/स्वर्) ‘to sound, sing’

• रुद्राः: the Rudras
• रुद्राः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/class)
• Root: रुद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृणन्त: they praised/sang
• गृणन्त: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गृ (गृण्/गॄ) ‘to sing, praise’

• पूर्व्यम्: the ancient/primeval one (or: ancient [praise])
• पूर्व्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पूर्व्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: RV provenance (requires RV hymn concordance for ṛṣi).

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-type (to be confirmed from RV source).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Invocation of ancestral precedent → orderly gathering → choral uplift → protective confidence.","listener_experience":"Feeling of joining a strong lineage; energized by rhythm and group voice.","intensity":7}