Mantra 18

Sukta 92

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

नकिष्टं कर्मणा नशद् यश्चकार सदावृधम्। इन्द्रं न यज्ञैर्विश्वगूर्तमृभ्वसमधृष्टं धृष्ण्वोऽजसम्

IAST Transliteration

nákiṣ ṭáṁ kármaṇā naśad yáś cakā́ra sadā́vṛdham | índraṁ ná yajñáir viśvágūrtam ṛ́bhvasam ádhṛṣṭaṁ dhṛ́ṣṇvo’jásam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

None by deed attains to him who hath made himself ever-growing; nor (do men reach) Indra—universally lauded with sacrifices—skilful, unassailed, bold, unfailing.

Translation

Không ai bằng việc làm mà đạt tới Đấng đã khiến mình luôn tăng trưởng; và người ta cũng không đạt tới Indra—Đấng được ca tụng khắp nơi bằng các tế lễ—bậc thiện xảo, không thể xâm phạm, dũng mãnh, không hề sai trệ.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निषेध) अव्यय

• किः: anyone / who (at all)
• किः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इष्टम्: desired (thing)
• इष्टम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट (√यज् → इष्ट, क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘इष्ट’ = desired/cherished)

• कर्मणा: by (his) deed / action
• कर्मणा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नशत्: attained / reached
• नशत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नश् (नशँ) ‘to reach/attain; to succeed’

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चकार: has done / made
• चकार: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (डुकृञ्) ‘to do, make’

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)

• आवृधम्: ever-increasing
• आवृधम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-वृध (√वृध् ‘to grow, increase’ with उपसर्ग आ-; ‘आवृध’ = ever-increasing)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like / as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा/सादृश्ये निपात)

• यज्ञैः: with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वगूर्तम्: universally praised
• विश्वगूर्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व-गूर्त (समास; गूर्त < √गॄ/√गुर्? वैदिक ‘praised/approved/celebrated’; ‘विश्वगूर्त’ = universally praised)

• ऋभ्वसम्: skilful / mighty
• ऋभ्वसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋभ्वस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘skilful, ingenious, mighty’)

• अधृष्टम्: unassailable / not to be dared
• अधृष्टम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-धृष्ट (√धृष् ‘to dare, assail’ with नञ्; ‘undared/unassailed’)

• धृष्ण्वः: the bold one
• धृष्ण्वः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bold, daring, impetuous’)

• अजसम्: unceasing / continual
• अजसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजस (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘continually, unceasingly’)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-source r̥ṣi attribution (Indra-stotra tradition) carried into AV 20.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

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