Mantra 1

Sukta 55

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

रायस्पोषप्राप्तिः। रात्रिंरात्रिमप्रयातं भरन्तोऽश्वायेव तिष्ठते घासमस्मै। रायस्पोषेण समिषा मदन्तो मा ते अग्ने प्रतिवेशा रिषाम

IAST Transliteration

rāyas-poṣa-prā́ptiḥ | rā́trim rā́trim á-prayātaṃ bháranto ’śvā́ya iva tíṣṭhate ghāsám asmáī | rāyas-poṣéṇa sám-iṣā mádanto mā́ te agne práti-veśā ríṣāma

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Attainment of wealth and thriving. Night after night, not departing, bringing (supply) as fodder for a horse, it stands ready—fodder for him. Rejoicing with wealth and thriving, with gathered nourishment, O Agni, let not thy successive entrants (guests) do us harm.

Translation

Sự đạt được của cải và thịnh vượng. Đêm này qua đêm khác, không rời đi, mang đến như cỏ khô cho ngựa; nó đứng sẵn đó—làm cỏ khô cho người ấy. Hân hoan cùng của cải và thịnh vượng, cùng dưỡng chất đã gom góp, hỡi Agni, xin cho những kẻ vào nhà nối tiếp của ngài (prativeśa) đừng làm hại chúng tôi.

Word by Word

• रात्रिम्: night (as the object/goal)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्रिम्: night (again; ‘night after night’)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि-

• अप्रयातम्: not gone forth; not departing
• अप्रयातम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-या (धातु) + अ- (निषेध) → अप्रयात (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त-भाव)

• भरन्तः: bearing, carrying
• भरन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु)

• अश्वाय: for the horse
• अश्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• तिष्ठते: stands, remains
• तिष्ठते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) → तिष्ठ (वर्तमानधातु)

• घासम्: fodder, grass
• घासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घास- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: for him/for this one
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रयि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wealth’)

• पोषेण: with nourishment, with prosperity
• पोषेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पोष- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम्

• इषा: with refreshment/food
• इषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment/food’)

• मदन्तः: rejoicing, being exhilarated
• मदन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• ते: your
• ते: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतिवेशाः: neighbors
• प्रतिवेशाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिवेश- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘neighbor/one dwelling opposite’)

• रिषाम: may (they) be harmed / may (they) injure (contextually negated by ‘मा’)
• रिषाम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष् (धातु) → रिष् (विधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ् रूप-सम्भावना) / अथवा ‘रिष्’ (हानौ) 1पु.बहु?

Attribution

Rishi: Ātharvaṇa (late household/prosperity tradition)

Devata: Agni (as household protector and prosperity mediator)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (with prose-like rubric)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From gentle recurrence and provision → confident enjoyment of prosperity → firm protective request.","listener_experience":"Warmth, reassurance, and a sense of guarded openness to social flow.","intensity":4}