Sutra 10

Devanagari script

कुपितमूलभिन्नगर्भयोः कुपितमूलं प्रशमितकोपं सामादिभिर्युध्येत न भिन्नगर्भमन्योन्यस्माद्भिन्नम् ॥ कZ_०८.५.१० ॥

Transliteration

kupitamūlabhinnagarbhayoḥ kupitamūlaṃ praśamitakopaṃ sāmādibhir yudhyeta na bhinnagarbham anyonyasmād bhinnam

Translation

Giữa (kẻ địch) có “gốc rễ” đang phẫn nộ và (kẻ địch) có “nội bộ” bị chia rẽ, nên giao chiến với đối thủ “phẫn nộ từ gốc” sau khi trước hết làm dịu cơn giận của hắn bằng hòa giải và các biện pháp liên quan; không nên giao chiến với đối thủ bị chia rẽ nội bộ, vì các bộ phận của hắn đã tách rời nhau (và sẽ tự sụp đổ).

Word by Word

• कुपितमूलभिन्नगर्भयोः: of the two—(the one) with an enraged base and (the one) with a split interior
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: कुपित + मूल + भिन्न + गर्भ
• Form: षष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (ययोः = of the two); compound used as a genitive dual referring to two parties: (1) कुपितमूल and (2) भिन्नगर्भ

• कुपितमूलम्: the one whose base is enraged
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: कुपित + मूल
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; object of युध्येत (one should fight/engage)

• प्रशमितकोपम्: with anger pacified
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: प्र-शम् (प्रशमित) + कोप
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; adjective qualifying कुपितमूलम्

• सामादिभिः: by conciliation and the other means
• Type: Noun
• Root: साम + आदि
• Form: तृतीया-बहुवचनम्; instrumental: 'by/with sāma etc.' (i.e., the upāyas)

• युध्येत: should fight/engage
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचनम्; ‘should fight/engage (in conflict)’

• न: not
• Type: Particle (negation)
• Root: न
• Form: निषेध

• भिन्नगर्भम्: the one with a divided interior
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: भिन्न + गर्भ
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; object understood with (युध्येत) in ellipsis: ‘(one should) not (fight) the split-inside one’

• अन्योन्यस्मात्: from one another
• Type: Pronoun/Adverbial (reciprocal base)
• Root: अन्योन्य + स्मात्
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (ablative): ‘from one another’

• भिन्नम्: separated/divided
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: भिद् (भिन्न)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; predicate/qualifier to भिन्नगर्भम्: ‘(being) separated’

Entities Mentioned

• king
• enemy

More Details

FAQs

Why avoid fighting a 'bhinna-garbha' enemy?

Because internal fragmentation makes the enemy self-weakening; direct battle is unnecessary when collapse or defection can be induced.

What is the administrative intent behind 'praśamita-kopa'?

Stabilize the opponent’s emotional volatility via diplomacy/inducements so the ruler controls escalation and chooses timing.