Sutra 23
Devanagari script
तस्यां गतागतश्चतुर्विधः कारणाद्गतागतो विपरीतः कारणाद्गतोऽकारणादागतो विपरीतश्चेति ॥ कZ_०७.६.२३ ॥
Transliteration
tasyāṃ gatāgataś caturvidhaḥ kāraṇād gatāgato viparītaḥ kāraṇād gato'kāraṇād āgato viparītaś ceti
Translation
Trong bối cảnh ấy, “người đi rồi trở về” có bốn loại: (1) cả việc ra đi và trở về đều có lý do; (2) ngược lại; (3) ra đi có lý do nhưng trở về không có lý do; và (4) ngược lại.
Word by Word
तस्याम्in that (context/case)
तस्याम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma-śabda; strīliṅga; saptamī ekavacana
गतागतःmovement to-and-fro; coming and going
गतागतः:
TypeNoun
Rootगम्
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana; (gata + āgata) as a nominal ‘coming-and-going’
चतुर्विधःfourfold; of four kinds
चतुर्विधः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्/विध
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana; agrees with गतागतः
कारणात्from a cause; with a reason
कारणात्:
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
Formnapuṃsakaliṅga; pañcamī ekavacana; ablative ‘from/with cause’
गतागतः(one type:) coming-and-going
गतागतः:
TypeNoun
Rootगम्
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana; repeats as a category label
विपरीतःthe reverse; opposite
विपरीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-परि-इ (→ विपरीत)
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana; predicative/appositional to गतागतः
कारणात्from/with a cause
कारणात्:
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
Formnapuṃsakaliṅga; pañcamī ekavacana
गतःgone
गतः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootगम्
Formkta (past passive participle); puṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana
अकारणात्without cause; without reason
अकारणात्:
TypeNoun
Rootअ-कारण
Formnapuṃsakaliṅga; pañcamī ekavacana; ‘from/with no cause’
आगतःcome; arrived
आगतः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootआ-गम्
Formkta; puṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana
विपरीतःreverse; opposite
विपरीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-परि-इ (→ विपरीत)
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā ekavacana; appositional (another category label)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formindeclinable conjunction
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formindeclinable quotative/closure
Entities Mentioned
G
gatāgata (defector/returnee)FAQs
Because administrative trust decisions depend on motive clarity; ‘cause/no-cause’ is a quick proxy for predictability and manipulation risk.