Sutra 20

Devanagari script

यं वा नानालोहक्षाराणामङ्गारभस्मासंदंशमुष्टिकाधिकरणीबिम्बटङ्कमूषाणामभीक्ष्णक्रेतारं मषीभस्मधूमदिग्धहस्तवस्त्रलिङ्गं कर्मारोपकरणसंसर्गं कूटरूपकारकं मन्येत तं सत्त्री शिष्यत्वेन संव्यवहारेण चानुप्रविश्य प्रज्ञापयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.४.२० ॥

Transliteration

yaṃ vā nānālohakṣārāṇām aṅgārabhasmāsaṃdaṃśamuṣṭikādhikaraṇībimbaṭaṅkamūṣāṇām abhīkṣṇakretāraṃ maṣībhasmadhūmadigdhahastavastraliṅgaṃ karmāropakaraṇasaṃsargaṃ kūṭarūpakārakaṃ manyeta taṃ sattrī śiṣyatvena saṃvyavahāreṇa cānupraviśya prajñāpayet

Translation

Bất cứ ai bị nghi là kẻ làm tiền giả—thường xuyên mua nhiều loại kim loại và chất kiềm, than và tro, kìm và dụng cụ, đe/khuôn, con dấu dập, nồi nấu; tay và quần áo dính muội/tro/khói; giao du với dụng cụ nghề kim hoàn—thì một mật thám phải thâm nhập vào vòng của hắn với tư cách “đệ tử” và qua các giao dịch, rồi thu thập tin tức xác nhận.

Word by Word

• यम्: whom
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: sarvanāma; accusative singular masculine

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: vibhāṣā/alternative marker

• नाना: various, different kinds of
• Type: Indeclinable/Adjective
• Root: नाना
• Form: avyaya used adjectivally; ‘various’

• लोह-क्षाराणाम्: of metals and alkalis
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोह; क्षार
• Form: genitive plural (neuter); ‘of metals and alkalis’

• अङ्गार-भस्म-असंदंश-मुष्टिका-अधिकरणी-बिम्ब-टङ्क-मूषाणाम्: of charcoal, ash, tongs, (hand-)pincers, anvil/support, die/blank, chisel/punch, and crucibles
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गार; भस्म; असंदंश; मुष्टिका; अधिकरणी; बिम्ब; टङ्क; मूषा
• Form: genitive plural (mostly feminine; treated as genitive plural of the compound); list of tools/materials

• अभीक्ष्ण-क्रेतारम्: a frequent purchaser
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: अभीक्ष्ण; क्री
• Form: accusative singular masculine; kṛdanta: kretṛ (agent noun) with adjective

• मषी-भस्म-धूम-दिग्ध-हस्त-वस्त्र-लिङ्गम्: one whose hands and clothes bear signs of ink/soot/ash/smoke stains
• Type: Noun
• Root: मषी; भस्म; धूम; दिग्ध; हस्त; वस्त्र; लिङ्ग
• Form: accusative singular masculine; ‘having marks/signs such as…’

• कर्मार-उपकरण-संसर्गम्: one associated with a smith’s implements
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मार; उपकरण; संसर्ग
• Form: accusative singular masculine; ‘association with smith’s tools’

• कूट-रूप-कारकम्: a maker of counterfeit forms (a forger)
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: कूट; रूप; कृ
• Form: accusative singular masculine; kṛdanta: kāraka ‘maker’; ‘maker of counterfeit forms’

• मन्येत: should suspect/consider
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (मन्यते)
• Form: 3rd person singular; optative (vidhiliṅ); parasmaipada? (classical usage: ātmanepada ‘manyate’; here optative ‘manyeta’)

• तम्: him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: accusative singular masculine

• सत्त्री: a spy
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्री
• Form: nominative singular masculine; agent noun

• शिष्यत्वेन: as (his) pupil/apprentice
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्यत्व
• Form: instrumental singular neuter; abstract noun in -त्व

• संव्यवहारेण: by (normal) dealings/transactions
• Type: Noun
• Root: संव्यवहार
• Form: instrumental singular masculine

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: conjunction

• अनुप्रविश्य: having entered/infiltrated
• Type: Gerund
• Root: अनु-प्र-विश्
• Form: ktvā/lyap absolutive; ‘having entered/infiltrated’

• प्रज्ञापयेत्: should inform/notify
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ज्ञा (causative)
• Form: 3rd person singular; optative (vidhiliṅ); causative of √ज्ञा: ‘to cause to know/inform’

Entities Mentioned

• kūṭarūpakāraka (counterfeiter)
• sattrī (agent)
• metal/alkali suppliers
• smithing tools (dies, crucibles, tongs)

More Details

FAQs

What is the investigative logic used to identify a counterfeiter in this sutra?

Behavioral and supply-chain profiling (frequent purchase of specific inputs/tools, soot-marked clothing, equipment associations) followed by deep infiltration as an apprentice to confirm and document the crime.