Sutra 35

Devanagari script

उष्ट्रग्रीव्योऽग्निसम्योगाः कुप्यकल्पे च यो विधिः ॥ कZ_०२.३.३५च्द् ॥

Transliteration

uṣṭragrīvyo ’gnisamyogāḥ kupyakalpe ca yo vidhiḥ

Translation

Các tổ hợp lửa (xử lý nhiệt) gọi là “uṣṭragrīvya” và quy trình được quy định trong việc chế tạo “kupyakalpa” (kim loại gia công/hàng hóa công nghiệp) [được áp dụng tương ứng].

Word by Word

• उष्ट्रग्रीव्यः: (those) called ‘uṣṭragrīvya’ (a named type/category)
• Type: Noun (adjective used substantively)
• Root: उष्ट्रग्रीव्य
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग (प्रायः); विशेषणरूपेण ‘सम्योगाः’ इत्यस्य

• अग्निसम्योगाः: fire-made combinations/alloys (mixtures effected by heating)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम् + युज्
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘सम्योग’ = संयोग/मिश्रण; ‘अग्नि-’ उपपदपूर्वकः

• कुप्यकल्पे: in the section on ‘kupyakalpa’ (procedures regarding metals/valuable materials)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुप्यकल्प
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रकरणनाम); अधिकरणे

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• यः: which/that (relative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बन्धक (relative)

• विधिः: the rule/procedure
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्तृ/उद्देश्यरूपेण

Entities Mentioned

• agni (fire/heat)
• kupyakalpa (manufactured goods)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative intent is implied by naming specific heat-processes?

It signals standard operating procedures for state-controlled production—named processes function as enforceable technical standards for consistent quality and auditability.

Why would Arthashastra include such technical detail?

Because revenue, military supply, and fraud-prevention depend on reliable state manufacture; technical prescriptions support inspection and accountability in workshops.