Sutra 14
Devanagari script
तन्नाशे वणिजस्तच्च तावच्च दण्डं दद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.२५.१४ ॥
Transliteration
tannāśe vaṇijas tac ca tāvat ca daṇḍaṃ dadyuḥ
Translation
Nếu các vật ấy bị mất, người bán/người trông coi phải bồi thường đúng giá trị đó và chịu thêm một khoản phạt bằng đúng số ấy.
Word by Word
तत्that (item/amount)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; deictic/anaphoric ‘that’
नाशेin the event of loss/destruction
नाशे:
TypeNoun
Rootनाश
Formpuṃliṅga; saptamī ekavacana; locative of circumstance ‘in/at the loss/destruction’
वणिजःthe merchants/traders
वणिजः:
TypeNoun
Rootवणिज्
Formpuṃliṅga; prathamā bahuvacana; agent noun ‘merchants/traders’ (subject)
तत्that (same amount/thing)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; anaphoric ‘that’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formavyaya; coordinating conjunction
तावत्an equal amount (so much)
तावत्:
TypePronoun/Quantifier
Rootतावत्
Formpramāṇa-vācaka; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; ‘so much/as much’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formavyaya; coordinating conjunction
दण्डंa fine/penalty
दण्डं:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formpuṃliṅga; dvitīyā ekavacana; object of ‘dadyuḥ’
दद्युःshould pay/give
दद्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formliṅ (vidhi-liṅ, optative); parasmaipada; prathama-puruṣa; bahuvacana; ‘they should give/pay’
Entities Mentioned
V
vaṇij (vendor/keeper)P
patrons (implied)S
state penal authority (implied)FAQs
A strong liability rule: the keeper compensates the loss and pays an equal fine, incentivizing robust supervision and discouraging collusion with thieves.
It increases public trust in regulated venues, keeps drinking centralized (easier to police), and reduces secondary crime around intoxication.