Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 9
Chapter 363: नृब्रह्मक्षत्रविट्शूद्रवर्गाः
Groups of terms for Men, Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, and Śūdras
स्यादेडे वधिरः कुब्जे गडुलः कुकरे कुनिः क्षयः शोषश् च यक्ष्मा च प्रतिश्यायुस्तु पीनसः
syādeḍe vadhiraḥ kubje gaḍulaḥ kukare kuniḥ kṣayaḥ śoṣaś ca yakṣmā ca pratiśyāyustu pīnasaḥ
Trong tình trạng gọi là eḍa thì người ta bị điếc; trong kubja thì lưng gù; trong gaḍula thì thân thể cứng quắp/tàn tật; trong kukara thì co rút, què quặt (kuni). ‘Kṣaya’ (hao mòn), ‘śoṣa’ (tiêu gầy) và ‘yakṣmā’ (lao phổi) là các thuật ngữ liên hệ; còn ‘pratiśyāya’ (viêm mũi cảm lạnh) được gọi là ‘pīnasa’ (viêm mũi mạn).
Lord Agni (in discourse to the sage Vasiṣṭha, as per the Agni Purana’s primary narration frame)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Ayurveda","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Medical nosology and synonym mapping: links condition-names to hallmark symptoms (deafness, hunchback, crippling) and equates related disease terms (kṣaya/śoṣa/yakṣmā; pratiśyāya/pīnasa) for accurate diagnosis and textual interpretation.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Roga-nāma mapping: eḍa, kubja, gaḍula, kukara/kunī; kṣaya–śoṣa–yakṣmā; pratiśyāya–pīnasa","lookup_keywords":["kubja","yakṣmā","kṣaya","pratiśyāya","pīnasa"],"quick_summary":"Defines several condition-terms by their clinical sign and provides synonymy/near-synonymy for wasting diseases and rhinitis, aiding consistent medical reading and reporting."}
Concept: Roga-saṃjñā-viveka (discrimination of disease nomenclature) as a prerequisite for correct nidāna (diagnostic reasoning).
Application: When encountering variant terms across regions/texts, treat them as equivalent or related (e.g., yakṣmā with kṣaya/śoṣa; pīnasa with pratiśyāya) to align case-notes and prescriptions.
Khanda Section: Ayurveda / Roga-Nidana (Medical nosology and terminology)
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A physician’s diagnostic chart: figures illustrating deafness, hunchback, limb contracture, and a wasting patient; alongside a patient with nasal catarrh—each labeled with the corresponding Sanskrit disease-name and synonym.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, panelled medical tableau; stylized patients showing kubja posture and kunī contracture; a thin yakṣmā patient; a sneezing/catarrh figure; bold Sanskrit labels eḍa, kubja, gaḍula, pīnasa; earthy palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold-bordered diagnostic panels; central vaidya with manuscript; surrounding medallions of conditions (kubja, yakṣmā, pīnasa) with ornate captions; rich colors and gold work.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style, clear instructional chart aesthetic; gentle shading; each condition shown in a small vignette with neat Devanagari labels; physician pointing with a stylus.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature of a hakim’s clinic; patients seated in sequence; fine anatomical observation; marginal notes equating kṣaya–śoṣa–yakṣmā and pratiśyāya–pīnasa; detailed textiles and instruments."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"didactic","suggested_raga":"Todi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्यादेडे = स्यात् + एडे (त् + ए → दे); शोषश् च = शोषः + च (अः + च → श् च); प्रतिश्यायुस्तु = प्रतिश्यायुः + तु (अः + त् → स्त्)
Related Themes: Agni Purana 363 (medical terminology lists continuing into sneezing/cough/swelling terms)
FAQs
Ayurvedic roga-nidāna (medical nosology): it maps specific Sanskrit disease-names to hallmark manifestations (e.g., deafness, hunchback, wasting/consumption) and equates related terms like pratiśyāya with pīnasa (catarrh/rhinitis).
It functions like a medical glossary inside a Purana—cataloguing technical disease terms and near-synonyms (kṣaya/śoṣa/yakṣmā; pratiśyāya/pīnasa), showing the text’s coverage beyond theology into practical Ayurveda.
Indirectly, it supports dharma by enabling correct identification of illness and appropriate care; preserving health is treated as a prerequisite for sustaining ritual duties, vows, and disciplined living.