Mantra 39
Rishi: Unspecified in VS framing; Ṛgvedic origin.
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh/Tr̥ṣṭubh fragmentary; requires metrical verification due to excerpted form
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कया॑ नश्चि॒त्र आ भु॑वदू॒ती स॒दावृ॑ध॒: सखा॑ । कया॒ शचि॑ष्ठया वृ॒ता ॥
Transliteration
káyā naś citra ā́ bhuvad ūtī́ sadā́-vṛdhaḥ sákhā | káyā śácīṣṭhayā vṛtā́ ||
Translation
By what aid, O wondrous (one), shall there come to us the help of thee, the ever-growing friend? By what most potent power art thou to be chosen (and won)?
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
कया॑ । नः॒ । चि॒त्र॒ । आ । भु॒व॒त् । ऊ॒ती । स॒दा-वृ॑धः । सखा॑ । कया॑ । शचि॑ष्ठया । वृ॒ता ।
Word by Word
कयाby which? (by what means?)
कया:
करण (हेतु/उपायः)
TypePronoun (Interrogative)
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-प्रातिपदिक) → का
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
चित्रःbright, wondrous
चित्रः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्—उतीः/सखा इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
आhither, towards
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (आगमन/सम्प्राप्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
भुवत्may (he/it) be / may it come to be
भुवत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
ऊतीhelp, aid
ऊती:
कर्तृ (स्तुत्य-देवता-सम्बद्धा ‘help’)
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक)
सदाalways
सदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (कालः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
वृधःever-increasing, strengthening
वृधः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्—सखा इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective (kṛdanta-based)
Rootवृध् (धातु) → वृध (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक ‘वर्धक/वर्धमान’)
सखाfriend
सखा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
कयाby which?
कया:
करण (हेतु/उपायः)
TypePronoun (Interrogative)
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-प्रातिपदिक) → का
शचिष्ठयाwith the most potent (power)
शचिष्ठया:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootशचिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘most powerful/most capable’, esp. of Indra’s might)
वृताchosen, selected, sought
वृता:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (सम्बद्ध-पदस्य)
TypeParticiple (Past Passive Participle used adjectivally)
Rootवृ (धातु) → वृत (कृदन्त, भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त)
Entities Mentioned
I
IndraRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes