Mantra 40
Rishi: Yājñavalkya-tradition (White Yajus ritual lineage)
Devata: Saṃvatsara (the Year) / Ṛtavaḥ (Seasons) as ordering powers
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh-like cadence (mixed/prose-verse in ritual series)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋ॒तव॑स्त ऋतु॒था पर्व॑ शमि॒तारो॒ वि शा॑सतु । सं॒व॒त्स॒रस्य॒ तेज॑सा श॒मीभि॑: शम्यन्तु त्वा
Transliteration
ṛtáva̱s ta ṛtu̱thā párva śamitā́ro ví śā́satu | saṃvatsarásya téjasā śamī́bhiḥ śamyantu tvā
Translation
Let the Seasons, in their several order, as the joints (of time), the pacifiers, duly dispose and rule thee; by the splendour of the Year may they, with their auspicious pacifications, compose and settle thee.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
ऋ॒तवः॑ । ते । ऋतु॒था । पर्व॑ । शमि॒तारः॑ । वि । शा॑सतु । सं॒व॒त्स॒रस्य॑ । तेज॑सा । श॒मीभिः॑ । शम्यन्तु । त्वा ।
Word by Word
ऋतवःthe seasons
ऋतवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गत्यर्थ) / ऋत-सम्बद्धः
तthat (you/it)
त:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतुथाseason by season; according to the seasons
ऋतुथा:
अधिकारण (प्रकार/रीति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋतु + -था (तद्धित/अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः)
पर्वthe joint/periodic division; the proper stage
पर्व:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शमितारःthe pacifiers/appeasers; restrainers
शमितारः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशमितृ (प्रातिपदिक; कर्तरि-तृच्) < √शम् (उपशमे/शमने)
विapart; forth; distinctly (prefixal sense)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
शासतुlet them rule/command/instruct
शासतु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√शास् (अनुशासने)
संवत्सरस्यof the year
संवत्सरस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
तेजसाby (its) brilliance/energy
तेजसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शमीभिःwith/through the śamī (plants/means of pacification)
शमीभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootशमी (प्रातिपदिक; शमी-वृक्षः/शमन-सम्बद्धा)
शम्यन्तुlet (them) be calmed/pacified
शम्यन्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√शम् (उपशमे/शमने)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
S
Saṃvatsara (the Year)Ṛ
Ṛtavaḥ (the Seasons)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes