Shloka 22

संध्याचरित्रवर्णनम् (Sandhyā-caritra-varṇanam) — “Narration of Sandhyā’s Austerity and Encounter with Śiva”

Devanagari script

त्वं परः परमात्मा च त्वं विद्या विविधा हरः । सद्ब्रह्म च परं ब्रह्म विचारणपरायणः

Transliteration

tvaṃ paraḥ paramātmā ca tvaṃ vidyā vividhā haraḥ | sadbrahma ca paraṃ brahma vicāraṇaparāyaṇaḥ

Translation

آپ ہی پرم ہیں اور آپ ہی پرماتما ہیں۔ اے ہَر، آپ ہی گوناگوں وِدیا ہیں۔ آپ ہی سَدبرہْم اور پَربرہْم ہیں—حقیقت کی جستجو و غور میں ہمیشہ مشغول۔

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तम? (actually 2nd person), प्रथमा (1st case/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• परः: supreme, transcendent
• परः: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• परमात्मा: the Supreme Self
• परमात्मा: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (paramaḥ ātmā)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विद्या: knowledge, learning
• विद्या: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-नाम (predicate noun)

• विविधा: various, manifold
• विविधा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying vidyā)

• हरः: Hara (Śiva)
• हरः: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शिव-नाम (name of Śiva)

• सत्-ब्रह्म: true Brahman
• सत्-ब्रह्म: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् + ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (sat brahma = true Brahman)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• परम्: supreme
• परम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying brahma)

• ब्रह्म: Brahman, Absolute
• ब्रह्म: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय-नाम (predicate noun)

• विचारण-परायणः: devoted to reflection/inquiry
• विचारण-परायणः: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचारण + परायण (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-तत्पुरुष (vichāraṇa-parāyaṇa = devoted to inquiry)

Speaker

Sati (praising Lord Shiva)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga passage; it is a jñāna-centered stuti identifying Śiva with vidyā and Brahman.

Significance: Supports jñāna-bhakti: approaching Śiva as the inner Self and as the source of all vidyās; conducive to study, contemplation, and guru-sevā at Śaiva maṭhas.

Mantra Metadata

Mantra: त्वं परः परमात्मा च त्वं विद्या विविधा हरः । सद्ब्रह्म च परं ब्रह्म विचारणपरायणः

Type: stotra

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse identifies Shiva as both the transcendent Supreme (Para, Parabrahman) and the indwelling Lord (Paramatma), teaching that liberation arises through devotion to Shiva along with discerning inquiry (vicara) into the highest Reality.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By calling Shiva both the supreme Brahman and the source of all vidyas, the verse supports Linga/Saguna worship as a valid doorway: the devotee approaches Shiva with form and attributes while realizing Him ultimately as the formless, transcendent Parabrahman.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

It points to japa and contemplation together—reciting Shiva’s mantra (especially the Panchakshara, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) while practicing vicara (inner inquiry) on Shiva as the Supreme Self, supported by traditional Shaiva aids like bhasma (tripundra) and rudraksha.