Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 31

विष्णोः स्तुतिः—शिवसतीरक्षावचनम्

Viṣṇu’s Hymn and the Petition for Śiva–Satī’s Protection

Devanagari script

रुद्र उवाच । किमेतद्विहितं पाप त्वया कर्म विगर्हितम् । विवाहे मम कांताया वक्त्रं दृष्टं न रागतः

Transliteration

rudra uvāca | kimetadvihitaṃ pāpa tvayā karma vigarhitam | vivāhe mama kāṃtāyā vaktraṃ dṛṣṭaṃ na rāgataḥ

Translation

رُدر نے فرمایا—اے گناہگار! تُو نے یہ ملامت کے لائق کام کیوں کیا؟ میری محبوبہ کے نکاح کے وقت تُو نے اس کے چہرے کو ادب سے نہیں، بلکہ شہوت سے دیکھا۔

Word by Word

• रुद्रः: Rudra
• रुद्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; demonstrative used adjectivally

• विहितम्: done/ordained
• विहितम्: Kriya (क्रिया; predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पाप: O sinner / O wicked one
• पाप: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कर्म: deed, act
• कर्म: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• विगर्हितम्: blameworthy, censured
• विगर्हितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-गर्ह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; used adjectivally

• विवाहे: in/at the wedding
• विवाहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• कान्तायाः: of (my) beloved/wife
• कान्तायाः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• वक्त्रम्: face
• वक्त्रम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वक्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• दृष्टम्: seen
• दृष्टम्: Kriya (क्रिया; predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; with implied 'by me'

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• रागतः: out of passion/attachment
• रागतः: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेतौ/कारणे (cause)

Speaker

Lord Shiva (Rudra)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: The verse is part of the Satī wedding narrative; it functions as moral-theological instruction (maryādā in darśana of the Devī) rather than a site-origin account.

Significance: Used in kathā settings to teach that darśana of the Devī/Śiva in sacred rites must be free from rāga; pilgrimage is purified by śraddhā and restraint, not voyeuristic desire.

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: liberating

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Sati

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse condemns rāga (passionate, objectifying desire) as a binding impurity and affirms that dharmic vision—seeing with reverence—supports inner purity and liberation under Pati (Śiva).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship trains the devotee to redirect the gaze from sensual appropriation to sacred contemplation; this verse highlights the same discipline—approaching Śiva and Śakti with bhakti and maryādā (reverent restraint).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice purity of perception: japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) while cultivating respectful drishti (gaze), and support it with simple Shaiva disciplines like bhasma (Tripuṇḍra) and mindful restraint.