Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 1

पार्वत्याः तपः—हिमालयादिभिः उपदेशः / Pārvatī’s Austerity and Counsel from Himālaya and Others

Devanagari script

गतेषु तेषु सूर्येषु सखीभिः परिवारिता । तपस्तेपे तदधिकं परमार्थसुनिश्चया

Transliteration

gateṣu teṣu sūryeṣu sakhībhiḥ parivāritā | tapastepe tadadhikaṃ paramārthasuniścayā

Translation

جب وہ دن گزر گئے تو وہ اپنی سہیلیوں سے گھری ہوئی، مقصدِ اعلیٰ پر پختہ یقین کے ساتھ، اور بھی زیادہ سخت تپسیا کرنے لگی۔

Word by Word

• गतेषु: (in) passed (ones)
• गतेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); बहुवचन; 'सूर्येषु' विशेषयति (when the days/suns had passed)

• तेषु: in those
• तेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; बहुवचन; 'सूर्येषु' विशेषयति (in those)

• सूर्येषु: in the suns/days
• सूर्येषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; बहुवचन

• सखीभिः: by/with (her) female companions
• सखीभिः: Sahakari/Karana (सहकारी/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया; बहुवचन

• परिवारिता: surrounded
• परिवारिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + वृ (धातु) → परिवारित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; कर्तरि/कर्मणि भावे 'सा' (understood) विशेषयति

• तपः: austerity/penance
• तपः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• तेपे: performed (austerity)
• तेपे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; 'अधिकम्' विशेषयति (that)

• अधिकम्: greater/more
• अधिकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; 'तपः' विशेषयति (greater/more)

• परम-अर्थ-सु-निश्चया: she whose resolve was fixed on the highest truth
• परम-अर्थ-सु-निश्चया: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + सु (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + निश्चय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'having firm resolve regarding the highest truth'); कर्तृपद 'सा' (understood) विशेषयति

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: The verse continues the tapas narrative: intensified austerity after time’s passage—typical of kṣetra/tapas accounts rather than a Jyotirliṅga origin.

Significance: Models niścaya (firm resolve) and sustained sādhana; teaches that anugraha is approached through perseverance and purified intention.

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: liberating

Characters & Entities

• Parvati

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights unwavering niścaya (firm resolve) toward paramārtha—the highest end of life—showing that sincere, intensified tapas aligned with devotion becomes a means to approach Lord Śiva and attain spiritual fulfillment.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Pārvatī’s focused austerity represents single-pointed devotion to Saguna Śiva (the approachable Lord with attributes), which in Purāṇic practice culminates in worship and realization through Śiva’s grace—often expressed through Liṅga-upāsanā and disciplined vows.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The verse points to disciplined tapas: adopting vows, japa of Śiva-mantras (especially the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), and steady meditation with purity and determination—supported by sāttvika conduct.