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Shloka 1

Niṣādasya Bhillasya Itihāsaḥ — Śivarātri-vrata-prabhāvaḥ

The Hunter’s Account and the Efficacy of the Śivarātri Observance

ऋषय ऊचुः । सूत ते वचनं श्रुत्वा परानन्दं वयं गताः । विस्तरात्कथय प्रीत्या तदेव व्रतमुत्तमम्

ṛṣaya ūcuḥ | sūta te vacanaṃ śrutvā parānandaṃ vayaṃ gatāḥ | vistarātkathaya prītyā tadeva vratamuttamam

رِشیوں نے کہا—اے سوت! تمہارے کلام کو سن کر ہم نے پرمانند پایا۔ مہربانی فرما کر محبت سے اسی اعلیٰ ورت کا تفصیل سے بیان کرو۔

ऋषयःthe sages
ऋषयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया; speech)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
सूतO Sūta
सूत:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘your’
वचनम्words / statement
वचनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवचन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया
परानन्दम्supreme bliss
परानन्दम्:
Karma (कर्म; ‘attained’)
TypeNoun
Rootपर + आनन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (परः आनन्दः)
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘we’
गताःhave attained / have gone to
गताः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) → गत (क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘have gone/attained’
विस्तरात्in detail
विस्तरात्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘in detail’ (ablative used adverbially)
कथयtell / narrate
कथय:
Kriyā (क्रिया; command)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु) + णिच् (causative) → कथय
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिजन्त (causative) ‘tell’
प्रीत्याwith affection
प्रीत्या:
Karaṇa (करण; manner/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; हेतौ/भावे (with affection)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म; object of कथय)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
एवindeed / exactly
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (restrictive particle) = ‘only/indeed’
व्रतम्vow
व्रतम्:
Karma (कर्म; apposition to तत्)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
उत्तमम्excellent / best
उत्तमम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of व्रतम्)

The sages (Ṛṣis) of Naimiṣāraṇya

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Significance: Frames the Śivarātri-vrata as a grace-bearing discipline that yields ‘parānanda’ (supreme bliss) even at the level of śravaṇa; encourages deeper engagement with the observance’s narrative and procedure.

S
Suta Goswami

FAQs

It shows the proper disciple-attitude in Shaiva tradition: hearing (śravaṇa) Shiva-kathā from an authentic narrator brings inner joy, and the sages then seek detailed guidance on the “uttama vrata,” implying that disciplined devotion is a direct aid to purification and liberation.

In the Kotirudrasaṃhitā context—centered on Jyotirliṅga glory—the request for the “best vow” typically points toward vrata-based Saguna worship (Liṅga-upāsanā) done with faith, rules, and reverence, leading the mind toward Shiva as Pati (the Lord).

The verse directly recommends attentive listening to Shiva Purana narration and undertaking a prescribed Shiva-vrata with devotion; in practice this commonly pairs with japa of the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and regulated worship of the Liṅga as taught in the Purana.